为探究异倍体黑莓(Rubus spp.)授粉结实性及果实性状变化规律，以黑莓四倍体品种‘阿落巴荷’(‘Arapaho’)和‘早黑’(‘Zaohei’)，六倍体品种‘自由’(‘Prime-Ark- Freedom’)，七倍体品种‘宝森’(‘Boysen’)、‘无刺红’(‘Young’)和‘宁植1号’(‘Ningzhi 1’)以及同属野生二倍体植物蓬藟(Rubus hirsutus Thunb.)和掌叶覆盆子(Rubus chingii Hu)为材料配制24个正反交组合，探究其坐果情况并比较同一母本自花授粉和异倍体授粉果实外观品质、种子特性、营养品质的差异。结果显示：仅‘自由’作母本时与蓬藟和掌叶覆盆子杂交亲和(坐果率分别为42.0%和40.4%)，‘自由’与‘早黑’的正反交均高亲和(坐果率大于96.7%)；3个七倍体品种与‘阿落巴荷’、‘早黑’的正反交组合间坐果率均无显著差异，但与‘自由’的正反交组合间坐果率差异显著(P＜0.05)。‘阿落巴荷’和‘早黑’经‘自由’和3个七倍体品种授粉的果实横径和纵径显著小于各母本自花授粉的果实，而‘自由’和3个七倍体品种经‘早黑’授粉的果实外观品质总体较好，其中‘自由’、‘宝森’和‘宁植1号’的果实硬度显著升高。异倍体黑莓授粉组合的种子体积和百粒质量总体大于各母本自花授粉的种子。‘自由’经‘早黑’和3个七倍体品种授粉的果实固酸比较‘自由’自花授粉果实显著升高，其中经‘宝森’和‘宁植1号’授粉的果实固酸比分别高达18.59和18.83。‘宝森’和‘无刺红’经‘阿落巴荷’、‘早黑’和‘自由’授粉的果实固酸比也显著升高。总体上看，‘阿落巴荷’和‘早黑’经3个七倍体品种授粉的果实中总酚和鞣花酸的含量显著升高，而‘宝森’经‘阿落巴荷’、‘早黑’和‘自由’授粉的果实中VC、总酚和鞣花酸的含量显著升高。相关性分析结果表明：异倍体黑莓授粉果实的固酸比与果实横径、纵径、单果质量呈显著(P≤0.05)正相关，总酚含量和鞣花酸含量与果实横径、纵径、单果质量、小核果数均呈极显著(P≤0.01)负相关。综上，异倍体黑莓授粉明显影响其坐果率、果实外观及营养品质，七倍体和四倍体品种在改良风味和提高抗氧化物含量方面表现突出。

 To explore the fruiting and change rules of fruit traits of heteroploid blackberries (Rubus spp.) pollination, 24 reciprocal cross combinations were prepared by using tetraploid cultivars ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Zaohei’, hexaploid cultivar ‘Prime-Ark- Freedom’, heptaploid cultivars ‘Boysen’, ‘Young’, and ‘Ningzhi 1’ of blackberries, and wild diploid species Rubus hirsutus Thunb. and Rubus chingii Hu of the same genus as materials, their fruit setting situation was investigated, and the differences in fruit external quality, seed characteristics, and nutritional quality were compared among self-pollination and heteroploid pollination with the same female parent. The results show that only ‘Prime-Ark- Freedom’ as  female parent exhibits crosscompatibility with R. hirsutus and R. chingii (the fruit setting rates are 42.0% and 40.4%, respectively), while reciprocal crosses between ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’ and  ‘Zaohei’ both show high compatibility (fruit setting rates are greater than 96.7%); there are no significant differences in fruit setting rates among reciprocal crosses between the three heptaploid cultivars and ‘Arapaho’ or ‘Zaohei’, but there are significant differences (P<0.05) in fruit setting rate among reciprocal crosses with ‘Prime-Ark- Freedom’. The transverse and vertical diameters of fruits of ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Zaohei’ pollinated by ‘Prime-Ark- Freedom’ or three heptaploid cultivars are significantly smaller than those of self-pollinated fruits of each female parent, while the external quality of fruits of ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’ and three heptaploid cultivars pollinated by ‘Zaohei’ are relatively good in general, among which the hardness of fruits of ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’, ‘Boysen’, and ‘Ningzhi 1’ increase significantly. Seed volume and 100grain mass of heteroploid blackberry pollination combinations are generally greater than those of self-pollinated seeds of each female parent. The solid-acid ratios of fruits of ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’ pollinated by ‘Zaohei’ or three heptaploid cultivars increase significantly compared with self-pollinated fruits of ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’, among which those pollinated by ‘Boysen’ and ‘Ningzhi 1’ reach 18.59 and 18.83, respectively. The solid-acid ratios of fruits of ‘Boysen’ and ‘Young’ pollinated by ‘Arapaho’, ‘Zaohei’ or ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’ also significantly increase. Overall, the contents of total phenolics and ellagic acid in fruits of ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Zaohei’ pollinated by three heptaploid cultivars elevate significantly, while the contents of VC, total phenolics, and ellagic acid in fruits of ‘Boysen’ pollinated by ‘Arapaho’, ‘Zaohei’, or ‘Prime-Ark-Freedom’ increase significantly. The correlation analysis result indicates that the solidacid ratios of fruits pollinated by heteroploid blackberries show significant (P≤0.05) positive correlations with fruit transverse diameter, vertical diameter, and single fruit mass, and total phenolics content and ellagic acid content show extremely significant (P≤0.01) negative correlations with fruit transverse diameter, vertical diameter, single fruit mass, and drupelet number. In conclusion, heteroploid blackberry pollination evidently affects fruit setting rate, fruit external quality, and nutritional quality, and heptaploid and tetraploid cultivars demonstrate outstanding potential for flavor improvement and antioxidant content increment.