附生地衣是森林生态系统的主要组成成分，其分布受到不同生物和非生物因子的影响。为了探查新疆巴尔鲁克山国家级自然保护区附生地衣分布与宿主的关系，采用树干取样法对不同分布海拔、不同胸径及不同树干朝向和高度的198株欧洲山杨（Populus tremula Linn.）附生地衣的种类组成和总相对盖度进行调查分析，并对不同种类附生地衣盖度与宿主分布海拔和胸径进行相关性分析。结果表明：该保护区欧洲山杨树干上的附生地衣共有33种，隶属于8科20属，其中，蜈蚣衣科（Physciaceae）为种类最多的科，蜈蚣衣属〔Physcia （Schreb.） Michx.〕为种类最多的属。该保护区内欧洲山杨树干上的附生地衣种数和总相对盖度均随着宿主分布海拔、胸径和树干高度的升高呈现先升高后降低的分布特征，分别在海拔（1 200，1 300］ m、胸径（60，90］ cm和高度（100，120］ cm宿主树干上达到峰值；并且，北向树干上的附生地衣种数和总相对盖度明显高于南向树干。相关性分析结果表明：仅少部分种类附生地衣盖度与宿主分布海拔和胸径的相关性达到显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）水平。综上所述，新疆巴尔鲁克山国家级自然保护区欧洲山杨树干的附生地衣分布与宿主分布海拔、胸径及树干的朝向和高度有关。

 Epiphytic lichens are the main components of forest ecosystem, and their distribution is affected by different biotic and abiotic factors. To explore the relationships between the distribution of epiphytic lichens and their hosts in Baerluk Mountain National Nature Reserve of Xinjiang, the species composition and total relative coverage of epiphytic lichens on 198 Populus tremula Linn. at different distribution altitudes and with different diameters at breast height as well as different trunk orientations and heights were investigated and analyzed by using a trunk sampling method, and the correlation analyses between coverage of different species of epiphytic lichens and the distribution altitude and diameter at breast height of their hosts were conducted. The results show that there are a total of 33 species of epiphytic lichens on P. tremula trunks in this reserve, belonging to 20 genera of 8 families, among which, Physciaceae is the family with the most species, and Physcia （Schreb.） Michx. is the genus with the most species. In the reserve, both the species number and total relative coverage of epiphytic lichens on P. tremula trunks show a distribution pattern of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the distribution altitude, diameter at breast height, and trunk height of hosts, and they reach the peak values on the host trunks at the altitudes of （1 200, 1 300］ m, diameters at breast height of （60, 90］ cm, and heights of （100, 120］ cm, respectively; in addition, the species number and total relative coverage of epiphytic lichens on the northward trunks are evidently higher than those on the southward tree trunks. The correlation analysis result shows that only the coverages of a few species of epiphytic lichens have significant （P＜0.05） or extremely significant （P＜0.01） correlations with the distribution altitude and diameter at breast height of their hosts. In conclusion, the distribution of epiphytic lichens on P. tremula trunks in Baerluk Mountain National Nature Reserve of Xinjiang is related to the distribution altitude and the diameter at breast height of hosts, as well as the trunk orientation and height of hosts.