用 Cd²⁺ 、Hg²⁺两种重金属离子溶液培育菱( Trapa bicornis Osbeck .) 植物体后, 观察体细胞的细胞核及叶绿体超微结构的变化。 处理后第 8 天, 菱浮水叶叶片和不定根细胞中细胞核的染色质与核质遭到破坏, 不定根中细胞核的核仁消失。 但在各处理浓度( 10 μmol L～ 50 μmol L Cd²或Hg²⁺) 下, 核膜均保持完整。 叶片细胞的叶绿体基粒数目减少, 基粒片层解体, 叶绿体双层膜断裂,叶绿体中的质体球流入细胞基质中。 两种结构的破坏程度随处理的离子浓度提高而增大。说明菱体细胞超微结构的变化观测可作为监测重金属污染的一种方法。

The ultrastructure of nuclei and chloroplasts in somatic cells of Trapa bicornis Osbeck . treated with two sorts of heavy metal solution of Cd²⁺ or Hg²⁺ was observed. Treated with Cd²⁺ or Hg²⁺ solution on the 8th day, chromatin and nucleoplasm in the cells of Trapa bicornis floating leaves and adventitious roots got destructed, moreover nucleous in adventitious roots disappeared, but under all treatments ( 10 μ mol L ～ 50 μ mol L Cd²⁺ or Hg²⁺ solution) nuclear membrane kept intact. In the floating leaves, number of chloroplast granas reduced, layers of grana disintegrate and chloroplast envelope got disrupted, plastoglobuli in the chloroplast flowed into the cytoplasm.Distructed degrees of the structure increased as the treated concentration of heavy metal solution rose. These results could provide characteristics of structure change of somatic cells induced by the harm of heavy metal water pollution on aquatic plants.