The growth and development , content of chloophyll in leaves , canopy density and yield of Chinese chestnut were measured in a Chinese chestnut orchard with various planting densities.The results showed that greater density was suitable for the growth and development of young chestnut trees. High and stable yield could be obtained in the density of 1665 per hm².This experiment will provide theoretical basis for the selection of suitable planting density and guide to the chestnut production in the region of old course of Yi-Shu river, Jiangsu Province.