通过田间正交试验并结合室内HPLC分析,研究了氮、磷和钾素营养对建泽泻〔Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzepcz.〕生长和品质的影响。结果表明,施用基肥对建泽泻生长前期的叶片数、株高、叶宽和叶长等农艺性状的影响均大于不施基肥处理;氮、磷和钾施用量对建泽泻产量均无显著影响,当施肥量为纯N 225.0 kg·hm^-2、P₂O₅187.5 kg·hm^-2和K₂O 225.0 kg·hm^-2,总施肥量为637.5 kg·hm^-2时,产量最高;氮、磷和钾施用量对建泽泻块茎的粒重均无显著影响;磷的施用量对建泽泻指标性成分23-乙酰泽泻醇B含量有显著影响,而氮和钾均没有显著影响,且影响作用从高至低次序依次为P₂O₅、N、K₂O。

The effects of N, P and K on growth and quality of Chinese traditional medicinal plant Alisma orientale(Sam.) Juzepcz. were studied by field orthogonal experiment combining with HPLC analysis. The results showed that leaf number, plant height, leaf width and leaf length were improved by application of basic fertilizer in the early growing stage. The effects of N, P and K nutrition on output and particle weight of A. orientale were slightly displayed. The output was the highest under the condition of N 225.0 kg·hm^-2,P₂O₅187.5 kg·hm^-2and K₂O 225.0 kg·hm^-2 and total amount fertilizer  637.5 kg·hm^-2. The effect of P nutrition on ingredient of alisol B 23-acetateintubers was significant, but N or K was not, and the order of effect descent was:P₂O₅, K₂O, N.