Using column chromatography, MS and NMR techniques, compound Ⅰ-Ⅵ were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. seed, and compound Ⅶ -Ⅸ from the petroleum ether fraction. Nine compounds are as follows: yakuchinone A ( Ⅰ), yakuchinone B ( Ⅱ), tectochrysin ( Ⅲ), 4-methoxy-1,2-dihydrocyclobutabenzene (Ⅳ), protocatechuic acid (Ⅴ), β-daucosterol ( Ⅵ), sitosteryl palmitate ( Ⅶ),palmitic acid (Ⅷ) and stigmasterol (Ⅸ). In which, compound Ⅳ is a new natural compound, and compound Ⅶ, Ⅷ and
Ⅸ are isolated from A. oxyphylla for the first time.