采用种子发芽生物测试法,以发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数为指标,对番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)种子及其萌发期对大白菜[Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (Lour.) G. Olsson]、萝卜(Raphanus sativus Linn.)、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus Linn.)和番茄种子萌发的化感效应进行测定,并采用化感效应指数(RI)和化感综合效应(SE)对化感作用进行评价。结果表明:用30 mg·mL^-1 番茄种子浸提液培养大白菜、萝卜和黄瓜种子,各项发芽指标均低于对照;番茄种子萌发可导致套种的大白菜、萝卜和黄瓜种子的各项发芽指标降低;番茄幼苗分泌物对大白菜、萝卜和黄瓜种子的萌发也均有抑制作用;在4 个发芽指标中,对种子活力指数的抑制效应最大。与对照相比,0. 5和1. 0 g 番茄幼苗模拟腐解物对大白菜、萝卜和黄瓜种子的发芽率有一定的促进作用,但均导致种子发芽指数和活力指数的降低;而1. 5 g 番茄幼苗模拟腐解物对3 种蔬菜种子各项发芽指标的抑制作用最大;随模拟腐解物质量的增加,番茄种子的发芽指标值也逐渐降低。8、16 和24 mg·mL^-1 番茄幼苗浸提液对大白菜、萝卜、黄瓜和番茄种子的萌发有明显抑制作用,随浸提液浓度提高,受试蔬菜种子的各项发芽指标均逐渐降低。总体上看,在番茄种子萌发过程中对受试蔬菜种子萌发的RI 值多数为负值、SE 值均为负值。研究结果证实:番茄种子含有化感物质,在其萌发过程中分泌与释放化感物质并抑制胚根生长,且除抑制其他植物种子的萌发外还具有自毒作用。

Using seed germination bioassay and taking germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor index as indexes, the allelopathic effect of seeds and its germination stage of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) on seed germination of Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (Lour.) G. Olsson], radish (Raphanus sativus Linn.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.) and tomato was determined, and the allelopathic effect was evaluated by allelopathic response index (RI) and allelopathic synthesis effect ( SE ). The results show that all seed germination indexes of Chinese cabbage, radish and cucumber cultured by 30 mg·mL^-1 tomato seed extract solution are lower than those of the control; germination of tomato seed can cause decreasing of all seed germination indexes of interplanted Chinese cabbage, radish and cucumber; and exudates from tomato seedling also inhibites to seed germination of Chinese cabbage, radish and cucumber. And among four seed germination indexes, the inhibition effect on vigor index of seed is the largest. Compared with the control, 0. 5 and 1. 0 g simulated  decomposing products of tomato seedling have a promotion to seed germination rate of Chinese cabbage, radish and cucumber, but can cause decreasing of germination index and vigor index of their seeds, while 1. 5 g simulated decomposing products has the largest inhibition effect on all seed germination indexes of three vegetables. And seed germination indexes of tomato also gradually decrease with mass increasing of simulated decomposing products. 8, 16 and 24 mg · mL^-1 aqueous extract solution of tomato seedling have an obvious inhibition to seed germination of Chinese cabbage, radish, cucumber and tomato, and with rising of extract solution concentration, all seed germination indexes of vegetables tested are gradually decreasing. Generally, during tomato seed germination process, most of RI values of seed germination of vegetables tested are negative, and SE values all are negative. It is confirmed that tomato seeds contain allelochemicals, which are secreted and released during tomato seed germination process and have an inhibition to radicle growth; and also have an autotoxicity besides having inhibition effect on seed germination of other plants.