为了探明核桃（Juglans regia Linn.）非结构性碳水化合物积累和组成与海拔及气候因子的关系，以青藏高原东南部12个不同海拔（2 500～3 868 m）样点的核桃为研究对象，对其叶中非结构性碳水化合物、可溶性总糖、蔗糖、果糖和淀粉的含量以及可溶性总糖含量与淀粉含量的比值变化进行了分析，并分别对各指标间及其与气候因子的关系进行了Pearson相关性分析和逐步回归分析。结果表明：核桃叶中非结构性碳水化合物、可溶性总糖、蔗糖、果糖和淀粉的含量均随海拔升高呈上升趋势，且均与海拔呈极显著（P＜0.01）正相关；而叶中可溶性总糖含量与淀粉含量的比值随海拔升高呈抛物线型变化，但其相关性不显著。核桃叶中非结构性碳水化合物含量、可溶性总糖含量、蔗糖含量、果糖含量和淀粉含量间存在显著（P＜0.05）或极显著正相关，并且，其与年平均气温、最热月平均气温、月平均气温范围和年平均降水量的相关性显著；而叶中可溶性总糖含量与淀粉含量的比值与上述指标和气候因子的相关性均不显著。研究结果显示：核桃叶中非结构性碳水化合物的积累随海拔升高而增大，且受到温度和降水因子的共同影响，并以温度因子影响为主。

To figure out the relationship of accumulation and composition of non-structural carbohydrate in Juglans regia Linn. with altitude and climatic factors， taking J. regia from 12 plots at different altitudes （2 500-3 868 m） in southeastern QinghaiTibet Plateau as research object， and variations of contents of non-structural carbohydrate， total soluble sugar， sucrose， fructose and starch in leaf and ratio of total soluble sugar content to starch content were analyzed. In addition， relationships among indexes and their relationships with climatic factors were conducted by Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results show that contents of non-structural carbohydrate， total soluble sugar， sucrose， fructose and starch in leaf of J. regia all show a tendency to increase with increasing of altitude， and all have extremely significant （P＜0.01） positive correlation with altitude； while ratio of total soluble sugar content to starch content in leaf shows a parabolic type variation with increasing of altitude， but their correlation is not significant. There are significant （P＜0.05） or extremely significant positive correlations among contents of nonstructural carbohydrate， total soluble sugar， sucrose， fructose and starch in leaf of J. regia， and their correlations with annual mean temperature， mean temperature of the hottest month， range of monthly mean temperature and annual mean precipitation are significant； while correlations of ratio of total soluble sugar content to starch content in leaf with above indexes and climatic factors are not significant. It is suggested that accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate in leaf of J. regia increases with increasing of altitude， which is affected by temperature and precipitation factors， and the effect of temperature factor is primary.