采用相邻格子样方法对武夷山大安源甜槠[Castanopsis eyrei (Champ. ex Benth.) Tutch.]常绿阔叶林群落的物种组成及物种多样性进行了研究,并分析了群落的种-面积曲线以及样方面积与物种多样性的关系。结果表明:在面积4 800 m2 的样方中共记录维管植物31 科57 属97 种,其中乔木78 种、灌木8 种、草本植物5 种、藤本植物6 种;乔木主要为常绿树种, 落叶树种仅10 种; 优势科为壳斗科( Fagaceae)、杜鹃花科( Ericaceae)、杜英科(Elaeocarpaceae)和山茶科(Theaceae)等,优势属为栲属[Castanopsis (D. Don) Spach]、杜鹃属(Rhododendron Linn.)和杜英属(Elaeocarpus Linn.);优势树种为甜槠、马银花[Rhododendron ovatum (Lindl.) Planch.]、鹿角杜鹃(R.latoucheae Franch.)和薯豆(Elaeocarpus japonicus Sieb. et Zucc.)等,其中甜槠的相对胸高断面积达64. 93%,重要值也最高(25. 70%),在群落中具有明显的优势地位。群落中胸径小于5 cm 的乔木个体数量占76. 88%,径级越高个体数量越少。南坡样方的Simpson 指数和Shannon-Wiener 指数均高于北坡,显示该群落南坡的物种多样性高于北坡。该群落的种-面积曲线拟合方程为y =21. 836ln(x)-87. 287(R2 =0. 990 2),且随样方面积的增加,物种数量、Shannon-Wiener 指数和Pielou 指数呈增加且趋于稳定的趋势,总体上调查样方面积应设置在2 000 m2 以上。综合分析结果说明:武夷山大安源甜槠常绿阔叶林的物种组成较丰富、物种多样性水平较高;光照条件是导致该群落南坡多样性大于北坡的主要环境因素。

Species composition and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest community of Castanopsis eyrei (Champ. ex Benth.) Tutch. at Da’anyuan in Wuyi Mountain were studied by the contiguous grid quadrats, and species-area curve and relationship between quadrat area and species diversity also were analyzed. Results show that 97 vascular species belonging to 57 genera in 31 families are recorded in 4 800 m2 quadrat. In which, there are 78 arbors, 8 shrubs, 5 herbs and 6 lianas, and most of arbors are evergreen tree species and deciduous tree has only ten species. Fagaceae, Ericaceae, Elaeocarpaceae and Theaceae, etc. are the dominant family, and Castanopsis ( D. Don) Spach, Rhododendron Linn. and Elaeocarpus Linn. are the dominant genus. C. eyrei, Rhododendron ovatum (Lindl.) Planch., R. latoucheae Franch. and Elaeocarpus japonicus Sieb. et Zucc., etc. are the dominant species, in which, C. eyrei has an obviously dominant position with relative section area at breast height of 64. 93% and the highest important value (25. 70%). Number of arbor with diameter at breast height smaller than 5 cm accounts for 76. 88%, and the higher the diameter class, the less the number of arbor. Both Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index of quadrats on the south slope are higher than those of quadrats on the north slope, meaning that species diversity on the south slope is higher than that on the north slope. The fitting equation of species-area curve is y =21. 836ln(x)-87. 287 (R2 =0. 990 2), and with enlarging of quadrat area, species number, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index appear the trend of increasing and towards stabilization. And generally, investigation quadrat area should be set up more than 2 000 m2. Comphensive analysis result indicates that species composition of evergreen broad-leaved forest of C. eyrei at Da’anyuan in Wuyi Mountain is richer and its species diversity level is higher. And light condition is main environmental factor leading to species diversity higher on the south slope than that on the north slope.