采用灰色关联分析方法研究环境因子对辣椒(Capsicum annuum Linn.)光合和蒸腾特性的影响。结果表明,在强光照下影响净光合速率的环境因子大小顺序为相对湿度、CO₂浓度、温度、光照强度、气孔导度;净光合速率与相对湿度、叶温呈显著的负相关,与CO₂浓度呈极显著的正相关;蒸腾速率与气温呈极显著的正相关,与相对湿度呈极显著的负相关;水分利用效率与相对湿度呈极显著的正相关,与温度呈极显著的负相关。弱光照时影响净光合速率的环境因子大小顺序为光照强度、温度、相对湿度、CO₂浓度;净光合速率与光照强度、CO₂浓度呈显著的正相关,与相对湿度呈显著的负相关。在强光照下适当遮阳、灌水、增施CO₂肥,在弱光照下减少荫蔽、通风透气、降低相对湿度、增加温度可促进辣椒光合作用,提高辣椒产量。

The effects of environment factors on photosynthesis and transpiration characters of Capsicum annuum Linn.were studied by using the grey relational analysis. The results indicated that under strong light the order of effects of environment factors on the net photosynthesis rate was relative humidity, CO₂ concentration, temperature, light intensity, stomatal conductance successively. The net photosynthesis rate has the significant negative correlation with relative humidity or leaf temperature and the significant positive correlation with CO₂ concentration. The transpiration rate has the significant positive correlation with air temperature but the significant negative correlation with relative humidity. The water utilization efficiency has the significant positive correlation with relative humidity but the significant negative correlation with temperature. Under weak light the order of effects of the environment factors on the net photosynthesis rate was light intensity, temperature, relative humidity, CO₂ concentration successively. The net photosynthesis rate has the significant positive correlation with light intensity and CO₂ concentration and the significant negative correlation with relative humidity. The results show that it′s very useful to increase net photosynthesis rate and yield of C. annuum under strong light with proper shading, irrigating and increasing CO₂ concentration or under weak light with ventilating, heating, reducing shading and relative humidity.