以福建省漳州市的厚荚相思（Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. ex Benth.）、黑木相思（A. melanoxylon R.Br.）、卷荚相思（A. cincinnata F. Muell.）、大叶相思（A. auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.）和马占相思（A. mangium Willd.）5种人工林为研究对象，对叶片、凋落叶和土壤的C、N、P含量及其化学计量比进行测定和比较，并对各指标进行Pearson相关性分析。结果显示：供试林分的叶片、凋落叶和土壤的C含量变幅分别为562.52~592.83、532.04~563.51和11.32~19.44 g·kg^-1,N含量变幅分别为21.28~29.74、10.58~15.57和1.12~1.76 g·kg^-1,P含量变幅分别为0.57~0.94、0.08~0.19和0.33~0.36 g·kg^-1,C/N比变幅分别为19.89~27.29、36.15~53.95和8.87~15.80，C/P比变幅分别为628.77~1 049.52、3 266.29~7 459.31、32.51~55.51，N/P比变幅分别为28.34~43.99、79.38~138.85和3.32~4.93。在5种相思林中，黑木相思林的叶片C、N、P含量均较高，其叶片和凋落叶的N/P比及土壤C/N比和C/P比均最小；马占相思林的叶片C、N、P含量均较低，但其叶片C/N比和C/P比均最大；大叶相思林的凋落叶N和P含量均最高，但其土壤N和P含量则最低；卷荚相思林的土壤N和P含量最高；厚荚相思林的凋落叶和土壤C含量均最高，但其凋落叶N和P含量均最低。5种林分叶片、凋落叶和土壤的C、N、P含量及其化学计量比均存在显著（P<0.05）差异；其中，叶片和凋落叶的C和N含量明显高于土壤，叶片P含量明显高于凋落叶和土壤，但凋落叶P含量低于土壤；C/N比、C/P比和N/P比在凋落叶中均最大，在土壤中均最小。相关性分析结果表明：仅土壤P含量与凋落叶N含量呈极显著（P<0.01）负相关，与凋落叶P含量和C/N比分别呈显著负相关和显著正相关；凋落叶N和P含量与叶片N含量呈显著负相关，凋落叶P含量与叶片C/N比呈显著正相关。综合分析结果表明：研究区域内土壤中C、N、P养分均处于较低水平，但叶片和凋落叶的养分含量均具有高C、高N和低P的特点；供试5种相思林的生长均受到P的限制；黑木相思属于“养分奢侈消耗型”树种，而马占相思属于“养分高效利用型”树种。建议根据不同相思树养分需求及养分利用效率差异制定合理的施肥措施。

  Taking five plantations of Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. ex Benth., A. melanoxylon R.Br., A. cincinnata F. Muell., A. auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth., and A. mangium Willd. in Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province as research objects, the C, N, P contents and their stoichiometric ratios in leaf, leaf litter, and soil were measured and compared, and the pearson correlation analysis was conducted on each index. The results show that the variation ranges of C contents in leaf, leaf litter, and soil of test stands are 562.52-592.83, 532.04-563.51, and 11.32-19.44 g·kg^-1, respectively, those of N contents are 21.28-29.74, 10.58-15.57, and 1.12-1.76 g·kg^-1, respectively, those of P contents are 0.57-0.94, 0.08-0.19, and 0.33-0.36 g·kg^-1, respectively, those of C/N ratios are 19.89-27.29, 36.15-53.95, and 8.87-15.80, respectively, those of C/P ratios are 628.77-1 049.52, 3 266.29-7 459.31, and 32.51-55.51, respectively, those of N/P ratios are 28.34-43.99, 79.38-138.85, and 3.32-4.93, respectively. Among five Acacia plantations, the C, N, P contents in leaf of A. melanoxylon plantation are the highest, while the N/P ratios in leaf and leaf litter and the C/N ratio and C/P ratio in soil are the lowest; the C, N, P contents in leaf of A. mangium plantation are relatively low, but the C/N ratio and C/P ratio in leaf are the highest; the N and P contents in leaf litter of A. auriculiformis plantation are the highest, but the N and P contents in soil are the lowest; the N and P contents in soil of A. cincinnata plantation are the highest; the C contents in leaf litter and soil of A. crassicarpa plantation are the highest, but the N and P contents in leaf litter are the lowest. There are significant (P<0.05) differences in C, N, P contents and their stoichiometric ratios among leaf, leaf litter, and soil of five stands; in which, the C and N contents in leaf and leaf litter are evidently higher than those in soil, and the P content in leaf is evidently higher than those in leaf litter and soil, but the P content in leaf litter is lower than that in soil; the C/N ratio, C/P ratio, and N/P ratio in leaf litter are the highest, while those in soil are the lowest. The correlation analysis results show that only the P content in soil has extremely significant (P<0.01) negative correlations with N content in leaf litter, and has significantly negative and positive correlations with P content and C/N ratio in leaf litter, respectively; the N and P contents in leaf litter have significantly negative correlations with N content in leaf, and the P content in leaf litter has a significant positive correlation with C/N ratio in leaf. The comprehensive analysis results show that the C, N, P nutrients in soil in the research area are all at low levels, however, the nutrient contents in leaf and leaf litter have the characteristics of high C, high N, and low P; the growth of five test Acacia plantations are restricted by P; A.melanoxylon belongs to ‘nutrient luxury consumption type’ species, while A. mangium belongs to ‘nutrient efficient utilization type’ species. It is suggested that appropriate fertilization measures should be formulated according to the nutrient requirements and nutrient utilization efficiency of different Acacia species.