根据农艺性状的测定结果及ISSR标记分析结果,采用聚类分析方法对引种至云南昆明的73份亚麻(Linum usitatissimum L.)种源的变异及遗传关系进行了研究。结果表明,73份亚麻种源的10个农艺性状(包括株高、工艺长度、茎粗、单株分枝数、单株蒴果数、单株茎干质量、单株种子产量、单株纤维产量、种子千粒重和出麻率)均有一定的差异,但总体上生长状况均较好;根据农艺性状可将73份亚麻种源分成2类,每一类又可分为2组,其中,第Ⅰ类包括36份种源,第Ⅱ类包括37份种源。从40个ISSR引物中筛选出9个引物用于ISSR扩增,共扩增出54条带,其中多态性条带33条,多态性条带百分率为61.1%;基于ISSR扩增结果进行聚类分析,在相似系数0.80处可将供试的亚麻种源分成3大类:第1类包括67份种源,第2类包括4份种源,第3类仅有2份种源,在相似系数为0.82处第1类种源又可分成3个亚类。结果显示,根据农艺性状和ISSR标记进行的聚类分析结果有一定差异,但对二者进行综合分析,结合亚麻不同种源的适应性及育种目的,可培育出适于本地栽培的优良杂交后代。

According to the determination result of agronomic characters and the amplification result of ISSR markers, the variation and genetic relationship of seventy-three germplasms of Linum usitatissimum L. induced to Kunming of Yunnan Province were analyzed by the cluster analysis method. The results show that there are some differences in ten agronomic characters (including pla t height, technical length, stem diameter, individual branch number, capsule number, caudex dry weight, seed yield, fiber yield, 1 000-seed weight and fiber percentage)among seventy-three germplasms, but these germplasms grow better generally in Kunming. Based on agronomic characters, seventy-three germplasms are divided into two categories and each of the two categories can be further divided into two groups, and categoryⅠ and categoryⅡ contains thirty-six and thirty-seven germplasms, respectively. In ISSR marker analysis, nine primers selected from forty primers are used to the amplified reaction and fifty-four bands are amplified, in which there are thirty-three polymorphic bands with a percentage of 61.1%. Based on ISSR amplification result, the seventy-three germplasms are divided into three groups in where the similarity coefficient equals to 0. 80. The Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 contains sixty-seven, four and two germplasms, respectively. Meanwhile, the Group 1can be further divided into three sub-groups in where the similarity coefficient equals to 0. 82. It is suggested  that the cluster analysis results based on agronomic characters and ISSR marker are different, but the comprehensive analysis between them can be carried on. Combining with the adaptability of different germplasms and the breeding purpose, the dominant hybrid progeny adapting to local planting may be obtained.