By combining method of field investigation and visit to local people， resources of ancient tree and wild tree of Osmanthus fragrans ( Thunb．) Lour． in Quannan County of Jiangxi Province were investigated． The results show that there are rich resources of ancient tree and wild tree of O． fragrans and are distributed in Longyuanba， Nanjing and Pitou towns of Quannan County as ancient individual or group and wild populations． In which， the ancient tree of seed setting accounts for about 15% ． Flower color of most wild O． fragrans is similar to O． fragrans Albus Group although wild populations are distributed in different habitats． Proportions of male and hermaphrodite among different populations are similar， more than 0. 5． Leaves of most wild trees are explanate and similar to those of some cultivars． According to these investigation results，some suggestions about resources conservation of ancient tree and wild tree of O． fragrans in Quannan County are also put forward．