用生存分析和静态生命表研究方法,在祁连山国家级自然保护区调查了16个(20 m×20 m)样地,分析青海云杉(Picea crassifolia Kom.)种群数量动态和年龄结构。结果表明,不同种群年龄结构不同,属顶级群落的苔藓-青海云杉林、草类-青海云杉林表现为衰退型种群;灌木-青海云杉林、马先蒿-青海云杉林为增长型种群。1~5龄级存活曲线较陡,种群死亡率较高;5龄级以后存活曲线相对平缓,死亡率较低。采用指数方程和幂函数对生存曲线的类型进行检验,苔藓-青海云杉林、草类-青海云杉林和标准化青海云杉林的生存曲线符合DeeveyⅢ型曲线;灌木-青海云杉林、马先蒿-青海云杉林的生存曲线符合DeeveyⅡ型曲线。种群数量变化的回归分析和青海云杉生态寿命与环境因子相关性分析表明,青海云杉种群存活数变化和生态寿命与种群密度有关。

Sixteen demonstration terra(20 m× 20 m)were investigated in Qilianshan National Nature Reserve to study the population number dynamics and age structure of Picea crassifolia Kom. by means of the survival data analysis and the static life table. The results indicated that different population had different age structure, lichen-and grass-P. crassifolia forests were decline populations, shrub-and Pedicularis sp.-P. crassifolia forests belonged to increscentpopulations. The survival cruve in 1 -5 age class was abrupt with high death rate of population, while the survival curve after 5 age class was even with low death rate. When checking up survival curve type with the exponential equation and the power function, the results indicated that the survival curve of lichen-, grass- and standardization P. crassifolia forests accorded with Deevey Ⅲ curve, while that of shrub- and Pedicularis sp.-P. crassifolia forests accorded with DeeveyⅡ curve. The regression analysis of population number change and the correlativity analysis of ecology age of P. crassifolia with environmental factors showed that the change of survival number of P. crassifolia populationwas correlative with population density.