By means of route investigation， specimen identification and related literatures， Lilium leucanthum （Baker） Baker belonging to Liliaceae was identified as a new record in Anhui Province. In order to further clear morphological variation range of L. leucanthum in different locations， external morphology and pollen grain characteristics of L. leucanthum in Shitai of Anhui and Wuhan of Hubei were compared and observed. The results show that there are obvious differences in external morphological indexes and pollen grain characteristics of L. leucanthum in different locations. Voucher specimens are deposited in Herbarium of School of Resources and Environmental Engineering of Anhui University.