研究了苦草[Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara]和黑藻[Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle]对模拟西湖富营养化水体中 COD_Mn、TN 和 NO3 -N 的去除力及其动力学模型,并对实验期间(30 d)2 种植物的株高及单株鲜质量的变化进行了分析。 结果表明:种植 30 d 内,苦草和黑藻对水体中 COD_Mn、TN 和 NO3 -N 的去除率均表现出前期较小、中期急剧增加、后期缓慢变化的趋势,且 3 项指标的去除过程均符合一级动力学模型。 种植 20 ~ 25 d 后,苦草和黑藻对水体中 COD_Mn、 TN 和 NO3 -N 的去除效 果 均 最 佳; 其中, 苦草对 COD_Mn、 TN 和 NO3 -N 的最高去除率分别为66. 7% 、71. 4% 和 68. 2% ,去除动力学方程分别为 C _CODMn = 6. 96e^{(-0. 030t)} 、CTN = 7. 29e^{(-0. 048t)} 和 C_NO3-N = 5. 12e^{(-0. 046t)} ,降解系数分别为 0. 030、0. 048 和 0. 046;黑藻对 CODMn、 TN 和 NO3 -N 的 最高去除率分别为 55. 0% 、 61. 4% 和69. 0% ,去除动力学方程分别为 C_CODMn= 6. 91e^{(-0. 043t)} 、C_TN = 6. 55e^{(-0. 033t)} 和 C_NO3-N = 4. 69e^{(-0. 046t)} ,降解系数分别为0. 043、0. 033 和 0. 046。 种植 30 d 后,苦草和黑藻的株高和单株鲜质量均明显增加,其中,苦草平均株高和平均单株鲜质量分别增加了 53. 0% 和 170. 5% ;黑藻平均株高和平均单株鲜质量分别增加了 120. 0% 和 216. 7% 。 研究结果说明:苦草和黑藻在模拟西湖水体中均能够正常生长,且对富营养化水体有较好的净化作用,可用于水环境改善和水生态修复。

 

The removal ability of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara and Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle to COD_Mn, TN and NO₃-N in simulated eutrophic water of West Lake and their kinetics models were researched, and also, the change of individual height and fresh weight of two species was analyzed during the experimental period (30 d). The results show that during planted for 30 d, the removal rates of V. natans and H. verticillata to COD_Mn, TN and NO₃-N all appear the trend of lowering in earlier stage, sharply increasing in middle stage and slowly changing in later stage, and the removal processes of these three indexes are all conformed the first-rate kinetics model. After planted for 20 - 25 d, the removal effects of V. natans and H. verticillata on COD_Mn, TN and NO₃-N in water are the best. In which, the highest removal rate of V. natans to COD_Mn, TN and NO₃-N is 66. 7% , 71. 4% and 68. 2% , the removal kinetics equation is C_CODMn = 6. 96e^{(-0. 030t)} , C_TN = 7. 29e^{(-0. 048t)} and C_NO3-N = 5. 12e^{(-0. 046t)} , and the degradation coefficient is 0. 030, 0. 048 and 0. 046, respectively. While the highest removal rate of H.verticillata to COD_Mn, TN and NO₃-N is 55. 0% , 61. 4% and 69. 0% , the removal kinetics equation is C_CODMn = 6. 91e^{(-0. 043t)} , C_TN = 6. 55e^{(-0. 033t)} and C_NO3-N = 4. 69e^{(-0. 046t)} , and the degradation coefficient is 0. 043, 0. 033 and 0. 046, respectively. After planted for 30 d, the height and fresh weight per plant of two species both increase obviously, in which, the average height and average fresh weight per plant of V. natans are increased by 53. 0% and 170. 5% , and those of H. verticillata are increased by 120. 0% and 216. 7% , respectively. It is suggested that both V. natans and H. verticillata can grow normally in simulated water of West Lake and have better purification effects on eutrophic water, therefore, they can be used for water environment improvement and aquatic ecological rehabilitation.