以福建省安溪县常规管理（M1）、间作套种管理（M2）和配套现代技术管理（M3）3种模式茶园土壤真菌群落为研究对象，通过高通量测序技术对其多样性、组成及功能进行了研究，并对土壤理化指标与土壤真菌群落的关系进行了分析。结果显示：不同管理模式下茶园土壤理化指标有明显差异，pH值、电导率、含水量、全磷含量、C/P比和N/P比在不同管理模式下存在显著(P<0.05)差异。不同管理模式对茶园土壤真菌群落多样性及组成的影响存在差异，M1模式下茶园土壤真菌群落的多样性总体较高，M3模式下子囊菌门(Ascomycota)的相对丰度明显高于M1和M2模式，M3模式下毛壳菌属(Chaetomium Kunze)、原隐球菌属(Saitozyma X. Z. Liu, F. Y. Bai, M. Groenew. et Boekhout)和青霉属(Penicillium Link)的相对丰度明显高于M1和M2模式。相关性分析结果显示：土壤容重与蕉孢壳属（Diatrype Fr.）和绿僵菌属（Metarhizium Sorokīn）的相对丰度呈显著负相关；土壤全氮含量与木霉菌属（Trichoderma Pers.）的相对丰度呈显著负相关，与腐质霉属（Humicola Traaen）的相对丰度呈显著正相关。从门水平上看，土壤C/N比、全磷含量、含水量和容重是影响茶园土壤真菌群落的主要因子，其中，C/N比、全磷含量和容重均主要影响子囊菌门和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)的相对丰度，含水量主要影响被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)、子囊菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度；从属水平上看，土壤C/P比、N/P比和pH值是影响茶园土壤真菌群落的主要因子，其中，C/P比和N/P比主要影响unidentified Glomeromycota和原隐球菌属的相对丰度，pH值主要影响木霉菌属、原隐球菌属和镰刀菌属(Fusarium Link ex Fr．)的相对丰度。FUNGuild功能预测结果显示：未定义腐生真菌在3种模式下均较多；与M1和M2模式相比，M3模式下粪腐生-未定义腐生-木腐生和寄生真菌-未定义腐生真菌呈现明显富集现象。综合研究结果表明：子囊菌门、被孢霉门和担子菌门是茶园土壤优势菌门；未定义腐生真菌是茶园土壤中较多的功能类群；现代滴灌、声控驱虫以及释放捕食螨等系列技术协同下的M3模式有利于维持茶园土壤真菌多样性及其功能的发挥。

 Taking soil fungi communities in tea plantations under three modes namely conventional management (M1), intercropping management (M2), and modern technology supporting management (M3) in Anxi County of Fujian Province as research objects, their diversity, composition, and function were studied by using high-throughput sequencing technology, and the relationships between soil physicochemical indexes and soil fungi community were analyzed. The results show that there are evident differences in the soil physicochemical indexes of tea plantations under different management modes, and there are significant (P<0.05) differences in pH value, electric conductivity, water content, total phosphorus content， C/P ratio, and N/P ratio under different management modes. There are differences in effects of different management modes on diversity and composition of soil fungi communities in tea plantations, the diversity of soil fungi community in tea plantation under M1 mode is generally high, the relative abundance of Ascomycota is obviously higher under M3 mode than under M1 and M2 modes, and those of Chaetomium Kunze, Saitozyma X. Z. Liu, F. Y. Bai, M. Groenew. et Boekhout, and Penicillium Link are evidently higher under M3 mode than under M1 and M2 modes. The correlation analysis result shows that soil bulk density shows significant negative correlations with the relative abundance of Diatrype Fr. and Metarhizium Sorokīn; total nitrogen content in soil shows a significant negative correlation with the relative abundance of Trichoderma Pers., but shows a significant positive correlation with that of Humicola Traaen. In terms of phylum level, C/N ratio, total phosphorus content, water content, and bulk density of soil are the major factors affecting soil fungi communities in tea plantations, among which, C/N ratio, total phosphorus content, and bulk density all mainly affect the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and water content mainly affects those of Mortierellomycota, Rozellomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota; in terms of genus level, C/N ratio, N/P ratio, and pH value of soil are the major factors affecting soil fungi communities in tea plantations, among which, C/N ratio and N/P ratio mainly affect the relative abundances of unidentified Glomeromycota and Saitozyma, and pH value mainly affects those of Trichoderma, Saitozyma, and Fusarium Link ex Fr. The FUNGuild function prediction result shows that undefined saprotroph fungi are relatively abundant under all three modes; compared with M1 and M2 modes, dung saprotroph-undefined saprotroph-wood saprotroph and fungal parasite-undefined saprotroph fungi under M3 mode show an evident enrichment phenomenon. The comprehensive study result shows that Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota are the dominant fungi phyla in soil of tea plantations; undefined saprotroph fungi are the relatively abundant functional group in soil of tea plantations; M3 mode which under synergy of multiple technologies including modern drip irrigation, voice-controlled deworming, and predator mite release is beneficial to maintenance of diversity of soil fungi in tea plantations and exerting of their functions.