用RAPD标记技术对13个黑莓(blackberry)、树莓(raspberry)品种和5个野生悬钩子种类(Rubus spp.)的26个居群的遗传多样性进行了分析。用15个寡聚核苷酸随机引物共扩增出条带131条,其中多态性条带118条,占扩增条带总数的90%,表明悬钩子属植物种间和品种间存在丰富的遗传多样性。通过聚类分析可将供试的26个居群分为4组,其中A组有粗叶悬钩子(R. alceaefolius Poir.)、山莓(R. corchorifolius L.)、插田泡(R. coreanus Miq.)、掌叶覆盆子(R. chingii Hu)、‘威廉姆特’、‘托拉咪’、‘泰勒’、‘金克维’、‘布里斯托’、‘宝森’7号、‘布莱兹’及其实生苗、‘基奥瓦’、‘萨尼’、‘黑布特’等15个居群;B组包括‘宝森’1号~‘宝森’6号和‘马林’、‘乔克多’等8个居群;C组包括‘赫尔’和‘切斯特’的2个居群;D组仅有蓬蘽(R. hirsutus Thunb.)1种。这一聚类结果与传统形态学分类结果基本吻合。

The genetic diversity of twenty-six populations including thirteen cultivars of blackberry and raspberry and five wild species of Rubus L. were analyzed by RAPD technique. The results show that 131 bands are amplified by fifteen oligonucleotide random primers, and there are 118 polymorphic bands that account for 90% of the total amplified bands, which indicated that there are abundant genetic diversity among species and cultivars of Rubus. The twenty-six populations can be divided into four groups according to the cluster analysis result of RAPD bands. Group A includes R. alceaefolius Poir., R. corchorifolius L., R. coreanus Miq., R. chingii Hu, `Willamette', `Tulameen', `Taylor', `Kivigold', `Bristol', No. 7 of `Boysen', `Brazos', `Brazos' seedlings, `Kiowa', `Shawnee' and `Blackbutte'; group B includes Nos. 1-6 of `Boysen', `Marion' and `Choctaw'; group C includes `Hull' and `Chester'; group D only includes R. hirsutus Thunb. It is suggested that this cluster result is basic coincidence with the morphological taxonomic results of Rubus L.