以山西省不同地区的黄花菜（Hemerocallis citrina Baroni）、北黄花菜（H. lilioasphodelus Linn.）、北萱草（H. esculenta Koidz.）和萱草〔H. fulva （Linn.） Linn.〕的28份材料为研究对象，对植株、叶片、花朵、花葶、花序和花蕾的24个表型性状进行比较，并采用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法探讨了萱草属（Hemerocallis Linn.）野生资源表型性状的多样性。结果表明：山西省萱草属野生资源表型变异丰富，18个数量性状变异系数的变幅为15.89%～80.00%，6个质量性状变异系数的变幅为18.27%～38.55%，其中，花梗长的变异系数最大，其次为单花序着花量和花序长，变异系数分别为40.00%和39.26%；花径的变异系数最小，内花被片长和外花被片长的变异系数较小，分别为16.28%和17.28%。相关性分析结果显示：大部分表型性状间存在极显著或显著相关性，其中，花径与花葶长和直径、内外花被片长和宽等呈极显著正相关，与花梗长和花序长呈显著正相关。说明萱草属野生资源大部分表型性状间相互影响。主成分分析结果显示：前5个主成分因子的累计贡献率达到83.169%，其中，第1主成分的贡献率为40.396%，包括花葶长、叶长、株型和花序长等，这些性状是造成萱草属野生资源表型差异的主要因子。聚类分析将供试材料分为3组，组Ⅰ以北萱草为主，组Ⅱ为黄花菜，组Ⅲ以萱草为主，28份材料基本按种分开。综合分析结果显示：供试萱草属野生资源具有丰富的表型多样性，可为萱草属新品种选育提供丰富的亲本材料。

Taking 28 samples of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni， H. lilioasphodelus Linn.， H. esculenta Koidz. and H. fulva （Linn.） Linn. from different areas of Shanxi Province as research objects， 24 phenotypic traits of plant， leaf， flower， scape， inflorescence and flower bud were compared， and the diversity of phenotypic traits of wild resources of Hemerocallis Linn. was discussed by using methods of correlation analysis， principal component analysis and cluster analysis， etc. The results show that there are abundant phenotypic variations in the wild resources of Hemerocallis in Shanxi Province， the variation range of 18 quantitative traits is 15.89%-80.00%， and that of 6 quality traits is 18.27%-38.55%， in which， the coefficient of variation of pedicel length is the largest， followed by flower amount per inflorescence and inflorescence length， whose coefficients of variation are 40.00% and 39.26%， respectively； the coefficient of variation of flower diameter is the smallest， those of inner tepal length and outer tepal length are relatively small， which are 16.28% and 17.28%， respectively. The correlation analysis result shows that there are extremely significant or significant correlations among most phenotypic traits， in which， the flower diameter has extremely significantly positive correlations with length and diameter of scape， length and width of inner and outer tepals， etc.， and has significantly positive correlations with pedicel length and inflorescence length. It is indicated that most phenotypic traits of wild resources of Hemerocallis influenced by each other. The principal component analysis result shows that the accumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components reaches 83.169%， in which， the contribution rate of the first principal component is 40.396%， which contains scape length， leaf length， plant shape and inflorescence length， etc., and these traits are the major factors causing phenotypic differences of wild resources of Hemerocallis. The tested materials can be divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis， H. esculenta predominates in group Ⅰ， group Ⅱ is H. citrina， H. fulva predominates in group Ⅲ， and the 28 samples are basically classified by species. The comprehensive analysis result shows that wild resources of test Hemerocallis have abundant phenotypic diversities， which can provide abundant parent materials for breeding of new cultivars of Hemerocallis.