对栾树-茶( Koelreuteria paniculata-Camellia sinensis)、香樟-茶( Cinnamomum camphora-Camellia sinensis)和枫香 - 茶(Liquidambar formosana-Camellia sinensis)3 种林 - 茶复合林分中环境因子的日变化及茶〔 Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze.〕的光合特征参数日变化和相关性进行了分析研究。 结果显示,在 3 种林 - 茶复合林分中,光合有效辐射强度和气温的日变化呈单峰曲线,均在 12:00 达到最高值;空气相对湿度和大气 CO₂浓度呈先降后升的日变化趋势,分别在 10:00 和 14:00 达到最低值;各环境因子在全天不同时刻均有极显著差异( P < 0. 01)。 3 种林 - 茶复合林分中茶的净光合速率日变化均表现为不对称的双峰型曲线,峰值分别出现在 10:00 和 14:00,其中枫香 - 茶复合林分中茶的净光合速率日均值最高(0. 80 μmol·m ^-2·s ^{- 1} );茶的气孔导度与蒸腾速率均在每日的早、晚较低,并在 10:00 达到最高;胞间 CO₂浓度日变化整体呈“W”型曲线,每日的早、晚较高,在 10:00 最低,其中栾树 - 茶复合林分中茶的胞间 CO2浓度的日均值最高;茶的净光合速率和蒸腾速率日均值在 3 种林 - 茶复合林分间有极显著差异(P < 0. 01),气孔导度和胞间 CO₂浓度日均值差异不显著。 除气温与茶的净光合速率,以及光合有效辐射强度与茶的胞间 CO₂浓度、气温和空气相对湿度间相关性不显著外,其余环境因子与茶的净光合速率以及两两指标之间的相关性均达显著或极显著水平。 综合分析结果表明,枫香 - 茶复合林分可改善茶的生长环境,促进茶生长,适合在安徽芜湖推广种植。

 

Diurnal variations of environmental factors and photosynthetic parameters of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. in three forest-tea mixed stands of Koelreuteria paniculata-Camellia sinensis, Cinnamomum camphora-Camellia sinensis and Liquidambar formosana-Camellia sinensis and their correlation were studied. The results show that the diurnal variations of photosynthetically active radiation intensity and air temperature show a single-peak curve and both the maximum values occur at 12:00. The air relative humidity and air CO₂ concentration decrease firstly and then increase, and the lowest values occur at 10:00 and 14:00, respectively. The environmental factors are extremely significantly different at different times (P < 0. 01). All the diurnal variations of net photosynthetic rate of Camellia sinensis in the three forest-tea mixed stands show a asymmetric double-peak curve, and the peak values appear at 10:00 and 14:00, in which the daily mean value of net photosynthetic rate of Camellia sinensis in the Liquidambar formosana-Camellia sinensis mixed stand is the highest ( 0. 80 μmol · m ^{- 2} · s ^{- 1} ). The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of Camellia sinensis are lower at morning and late afternoon in a day, and the peak values occur at 10:00. The diurnal variation of intercellular CO₂ concentration presents a “W” curve, in which the value is higher at morning and late afternoon in a day, and the lowest value occurs at 10:00. The daily mean value of intercellular CO₂ concentration of Camellia sinensis in the Koelreuteria paniculata-Camellia sinensis mixed stand is the highest. The daily mean values of net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Camellia sinensis in the three forest-tea mixed stands are all extremely significantly different (P < 0. 01), while the difference between daily mean values of stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration is not significant. All the environmental factors have significant or extremely significant correlations with net photosynthetic rate of Camellia sinensis and with each other index, except that the correlations between air temperature and net photosynthetic rate of Camellia sinensis, photosynthetically active radiation intensity and intercellular CO₂ concentration of Camellia sinensis, air temperature and air relative humidity are not significant. By comprehensive analysis, it is suggested that Liquidambar formosana-Camellia sinensis mixed stand can improve the growth environment of Camellia sinensis and promote its growth, the mixed stand is suitable for extending and planting in Wuhu of Anhui Province.