应用双因素(2×4)随机区组设计、采用盆栽法研究了不同氮水平(0. 12 和0. 20 g·kg^-1 N)下不同施钙量[0. 00(CK)、0. 40、1. 00 和2. 00 g·kg^-1 Ca]对烤烟品种‘G80’(Nicotiana tabacum ‘G80’)叶片光合色素(包括叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)含量、光合参数[包括净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO₂ 浓度(Ci)]、光合效率[包括饱和光照强度下的净光合速率(Ps)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)、光补偿点(LCP)和表观光合量子效率(AQY)]和单株叶片干质量的影响。结果表明:与0. 12 g·kg^-1 N 水平相比,0. 20 g·kg^-1 N 水平下叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量以及Ps 和单株叶片干质量均极显著升高,但叶片的Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci、Rd 和LCP 均极显著降低,而AQY 则略降低。在施钙量低于1. 00 g·kg^-1 的条件下,叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量以及Pn、Gs、Ci、Ps 和单株叶片干质量均随施钙量提高而升高,而Tr、Rd、LCP 和AQY则随施钙量提高而降低,并且在施钙量2. 00 g·kg^-1 的条件下大多数指标均降低。方差分析结果表明:氮肥与钙肥互作对烤烟叶片上述光合特性指标和单株叶片干质量的影响均达到极显著水平。依据综合分析结果,建议在0. 12g·kg^-1 N 水平下施用1. 00 或2. 00 g·kg^-1 Ca 或在0. 20 g·kg^-1 N 水平下施用0. 40 g·kg^-1Ca,均能够最大程度提高烤烟叶片的光合作用能力,有利于其叶片干物质的积累。

Using two factors (2×4) randomized block design, effects of different Ca applications [0. 00 (CK), 0. 40, 1. 00 and 2. 00 g·kg-1 Ca]under different N levels (0. 12 and 0. 20 g·kg^-1 N) on photosynthetic pigment (including Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) content, hotosynthetic parameters [including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and  intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci)], photosynthetic efficiency [including net photosynthetic rate under saturation light intensity (Ps), dark respiration rate (Rd), light compensation point (LCP) and apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (AQY)]and leaf dry weight per plant of Nicotiana tabacum ‘G80’were researched by pot experiment. The results show that as compared to 0. 12 g·kg^-1 N level, contents of Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and Ps in leaf and leaf dry weight per plant all increase extremely significantly under 0. 20 g·kg^-1 N level, but Pn, Tr, Gs, Ci, Rd and LCP in leaf all decrease extremely significantly, while AQY in leaf decreases slightly. Under condition of Ca application lower than 1. 00 g·kg^-1, with increasing of Ca application, contents of Chla, Chlb, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and Pn, Gs, Ci, Ps in leaf and leaf dry weight per plant all increase, while Tr, Rd, LCP and AQY in leaf all decrease. And under condition of Ca application 2. 00 g·kg^-1, most of indexes decrease. Variance analysis result shows that effect of N fertilizer and Ca fertilizer interaction on above photosynthetic characteristic indexes of leaf and leaf dry weight per plant of N. tabacum all reach extremely significant level. According comprehensive analysis result, it is suggested that applying 1. 00 or 2. 00 g·kg^-1 Ca under 0. 12 g·kg^-1 N level or applying 0. 40 g·kg^-1 Ca under 0. 20 g·kg^-1 N level all can the furthest improve photosynthesis ability of N. tabacum leaf, and are beneficial to accumulation of dry matter in leaf.