为探究不同生长时期薄荷（Mentha canadensis Linn.）根际细菌群落变化规律及关键环境因子对其的影响，采用高通量测序技术分析了4—10月薄荷根际细菌群落组成和多样性，并分析了薄荷根际细菌群落门和属的相对丰度与月平均温度、月累计降水量和月累计日照时数的关系。结果显示：共获得4 995个扩增子序列变体（ASV），隶属于34门91纲203目310科568属941种。薄荷根际细菌群落的优势门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota），相对丰度分别为21.14%~29.18%、17.12%~21.61%、9.17%~23.11%、8.68%~16.23%、4.74%~13.53%；优势属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、RB41、慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）、Candidatus_Udaeobacter、芽单胞菌属（Gemmatimonas），相对丰度分别为4.94%~8.77%、3.40%~5.85%、1.38%~2.13%、0.97%~3.11%、0.53%~2.91%。供试月份间的共有ASV数为77，主要隶属于变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门，占比分别为24.7%、18.2%、16.9%、11.7%、11.7%。总体来看，4—7月薄荷根际细菌群落的α多样性指数呈逐渐升高的趋势，并在7月达到最高。冗余分析和Pearson相关性分析结果显示：月平均温度、月累计降水量和月累计日照时数对薄荷根际细菌群落的影响较大，其中月累计日照时数的影响最大。综上所述，不同生长时期薄荷根际细菌群落的组成和多样性变化明显，并且月平均温度、月累计降水量和月累计日照时数对薄荷根际细菌群落组成具有较大影响。

  To investigate the variation pattern of rhizosphere bacterial community of Mentha canadensis Linn. at different growth stages and the influence of key environmental factors on it, the composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis from April to October were analyzed by using highthroughput sequencing technology, and the relationships between the relative abundances of phyla and genera of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis and monthly mean temperature, monthly cumulative precipitation, and monthly cumulative sunshine duration were analyzed. The results show that a total of 4 995 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) are obtained, belonging to 941 species in 568 genera, 310 families, 203 orders, 91 classes, and 34 phyla. The dominant phyla of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis are Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidota, and their relative abundances are 21.14%-29.18%, 17.12%-21.61%,9.17%-23.11%, 8.68%-16.23%, and 4.74%-13.53%, respectively; the dominant genera are Sphingomonas, RB41, Bradyrhizobium, Candidatus_Udaeobacter, and Gemmatimonas, and their relative abundances are 4.94%-8.77%, 3.40%-5.85%, 1.38%-2.13%, 0.97%-3.11%, and 0.53%-2.91%, respectively. There are 77 common ASVs among the test months, mainly belonging to Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, and their proportions are 24.7%, 18.2%, 16.9%, 11.7%, and 11.7%, respectively. Overall, the α diversity index of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis shows a tendency to gradually increase from April to July, and reaches the highest level in July. The redundancy analysis and Pearson correlation analysis results show that monthly mean temperature, monthly cumulative precipitation, and monthly cumulative sunshine duration have great effects on the rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis, among which monthly cumulative sunshine duration has the greatest effect. In conclusion, the composition and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis vary evidently at different growth stages, and monthly mean temperature, monthly cumulative precipitation, and monthly cumulative sunshine duration have great effects on the composition of rhizosphere bacterial community of M. canadensis.