应用RAPD标记方法分析了薄荷属(Mentha L.)7个种38个种源间的遗传多样性,并采用UPGMA聚类分析方法探讨了38个种源间的亲缘关系。结果表明,用20条随机引物从38个种源的总DNA中共扩增出111条带,其中多态性条带91条,多态性条带百分率达81.98%,表明薄荷属植物种间和种内存在丰富的遗传多样性。聚类分析结果表明,在遗传相似系数0.43处,供试的38个种源被分为2大类,其中第1大类包含日本薄荷(M.arvensis L.)、灰薄荷(M. vagans Boriss.)、留兰香(M. spicata L.)、皱叶留兰香(M. crispate Schrad.ex Willd.)、椒样薄荷(M.× piperita L.)和薄荷(M. haplocaly xBriq.)的37个种源,第2大类仅包含唇萼薄荷(M. pulegium L.)1个种源。在遗传相似系数0.74处,38个种源被分为6组:A组仅包含日本薄荷1个种源;B组包含灰薄荷的4个种源;C组包含留兰香的2个种源和皱叶留兰香的6个种源;D组包含椒样薄荷的5个种源和留兰香的2个种源;E组包含薄荷的17个种源;F组仅包含唇萼薄荷1个种源。在遗传相似系数0.83处,B组、C组、D组和E组可各自进一步划分为不同的亚组。研究结果显示,基于RAPD标记分析的聚类分析结果与传统形态学分类结果基本相吻合;同一种类来源相同或相近的种源聚在一起,说明薄荷属植物种内的遗传关系与地理分布和环境差异有一定的相关性。

Genetic diversity of thirty-eight provenances belonging to seven species of Mentha L. was analyzed by RAPD marker method , and their relationship was also analyzed by UPGMA cluster method. The results show that 111 bands are amplified from total DNA of thirty-eight provenances by twenty random primers, in which there are 91 polymorphic bands and the percentage of polymorphic bands reaches 81.98%. It means that there is rich genetic diversity among interspecies or intraspecies of Mentha L. The results of cluster analysis show that thirty-eight provenances are divided into two categories at the point of genetics imilarity coefficient 0.43, in which, the first category contains thirty-seven provenances belonging to M. arvensis L,. M. vagans Boriss,. M. spicata L. , M. crispate Schrad. Ex Willd. , M.× piperita L. and M. haplocalyx Briq. , the second category contains only one provenance of M. pulegium L. Also, thirty-eight provenances are divided into six groups at the point of genetic similarity coefficient 0.74,  the six groups are as follow: Group A in cluding one provenance of M. arvensis, Group B including four provenances of M. vagans, Group C including two provenances of M. spicata and six provenances of M. crispata, Group D including five provenances of M.× piperita and two provenances of M.spicata, Group E including seventeen provenances of M. haplocalyx, Group Fincluding only one provenance of M. pulegium. Otherwise, Groups of B, C, D and E are further divided into different subgroups at the point of genetic similarity coefficient 0.83.It is suggested that the result of cluster analysis based on RAPD marker is generally near to morphological taxonomic result. And in the same species, the provenances which originate from the same or close locations are clustered together, it means that there are a certain correlation of intraspecies genetic relationship to geographical distribution and environment differentiation.