采用７级目测法，获得安徽省霍邱县夏收作物田６９个样点共８４.３ｈm^２样地杂草种群的草害指数，对其进行数量分析——主成分分析（ＰＣＡ）和聚类分析，并赋以生态学意义的解释，结果显示该地区杂草的种类分布、危害程度与环境因子间的密切对应关系，杂草群落的分布主要取决于：（１）土壤湿度、结构性质；（２）土壤酸碱性。前者可通过样点的耕作制度，后者可通过样点的地理位置定性了解。数量分析的结果将全部样方分成３组——水稻土组、旱地组和偏碱土壤组，每组都对应着相应的杂草优势种。其中看麦娘、日本看麦娘、雀舌草为水稻土组的杂草优势种，猪殃殃、大巢菜、野燕麦为旱地组杂草优势种，偏碱土壤组优势种杂草为粘毛卷耳和牛繁缕。根据这些杂草群落的分布规律，提出了相应的杂草防除策略。 

The overall weed infestation indexes of weed populations in 69 sampling sites amounted to 84. 3 hm² summer crop fields in Huoqiu County of Anhui Province were collected by visually scoring ;the level of weed infestation to crops in seven scales. The results from the quantitative analysis-principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis of those data were ecologically interpreted, which showed the correlationship between the environmental factors and distribution and infestation density of weed species. The pattern of distribution of weed communities in the summer crops of the County were mainly determined by the following factors, (1) soil humidity and structure; ( 2 ) soil pH. These sampling sites were quantitatively classified into three clusters: rice soil cluster, dryland cluster and slightly alkalinity soil cluster. Each cluster had its weed dormants. Alopecurus aequalis, A. japonicus and Stelloria alsine were in rice soil culster ; Galium aprine, Vicia sativa and Arena fatua in dryland cluster and Cerastium viscosum and Malachium aquaticum in slightly alkalinity soil cluster. Some control strategy was suggested on the basis of the pattern of distribution of weed communities.