为了解中国特有植物泰顺杜鹃（Rhododendron taishunense B. Y. Ding et Y. Y. Fang）所处群落的结构和物种多样性特征以及更好地保护该物种，在其分布区浙江温州市和福建宁德市设立9个面积20 m×20 m的样地并进行群落学调查，分析了泰顺杜鹃所处群落物种组成、群落类型和物种多样性。结果表明：泰顺杜鹃所处群落植物种类丰富，9个样地共有63科107属182种（含种下等级，下同），其中高位芽植物139种（占比76.4%）、地下芽植物28种（占比15.4%）、地上芽植物10种（占比5.5%）、地面芽植物3种（占比1.6%）、一年生植物2种（占比1.1%）。基于群落乔木层种类重要值的聚类分析结果显示：泰顺杜鹃所处群落可分为甜槠林〔Form. Castanopsis eyrei (Champ. ex Benth.) Tutcher〕、木荷林(Form. Schima superba Gardner et Champ.)、杉木林〔Form. Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.〕、短尾柯林〔Form. Lithocarpus brevicaudatus (Skan) Hayata〕和细柄蕈树林(Form. Altingia gracilipes Hemsl.)。在9个样地中，泰顺杜鹃所处群落灌木层的各物种多样性指数总体高于乔木层和草本层。综合来看，泰顺杜鹃所处群落主要为常绿阔叶林或暖性针叶林，具有明显的中亚热带群落特性，但群落尚处不稳定阶段，应开展保护措施以维持群落的稳定性。

 To understand the structure and species diversity characteristics of Chinese endemic species Rhododendron taishunense B. Y. Ding et Y. Y. Fang located communities and better protect this species, nine sampled plots with an area of 20 m×20 m each were established in its distribution areas of Wenzhou City in Zhejiang Province and Ningde City in Fujian Province and a community survey was conducted, and the species composition, community types, and species diversity of R. taishunense located communities were analyzed. The results show that the R. taishunense located communities are rich in plant species, and there are a total of 182 species (including infraspecies, the same below) belonging to 107 genera of 63 families in the nine  plots, among which, there are 139 phanerophytes (accounting for 76.4%), 28 geophytes (accounting for 15.4%), 10 chamaephytes (accounting for 5.5%), 3 hemicryptophytes (accounting for 1.6%), and 2 therophytes (accounting for 1.1%).  The cluster analysis result  based on the importance values of species in the tree layer of communities shows that  the R. taishunense located communities can be divided into Form. Castanopsis eyrei (Champ. ex Benth.) Tutcher, Form. Schima superba Gardner et Champ., Form. Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook., Form. Lithocarpus brevicaudatus (Skan) Hayata, and Form. Altingia gracilipes Hemsl. Among the nine  plots, the species diversity indices of the shrub layer in the R. taishunense located communities are generally higher than those of the tree layer and herb layer. Overall, the R. taishunense located communities are mainly evergreen broadleaved forest or warm coniferous forest, which have evident midsubtropical community characteristics, but these communities are still in an unstable stage, and protective measures should be implemented to maintain the community stability.