采用 HPLC 法对产自四川崇州和犍为、广东四会、广西玉林和博白及金秀、云南马关的姜黄( Curcuma longa L.)根茎中姜黄素类成分含量进行测定,并利用典范对应分析方法( CCA)研究了不同产地姜黄根茎中姜黄素类成分含量与地理-气候因子及根际土壤养分因子间的相关性。 结果表明:不同产地根际土壤中有机质、全 N、全 P 和全 K 含量分别为 14. 03 ~ 32. 79、0. 39 ~ 0. 92、0. 56 ~ 1. 55 和 2. 29 ~ 9. 23 g· kg^-1 ,根际土壤养分含量差异较明显;姜黄多生长在中性偏酸、水肥性能良好的土壤中。 姜黄根茎中姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素含量及姜黄素类成分总含量的平均值分别为 1. 53% 、0. 42% 、0. 67% 和 2. 61% ;不同产地姜黄根茎中姜黄素类成分含量有显著差异,且同一产地采自不同采样点及不同采样时间的样品姜黄素类成分的含量也有一定差异。 姜黄素类成分总含量以广西博白产姜黄根茎最高(4. 29% )、广东四会产姜黄根茎最低(1. 73% )。 CCA 分析结果表明:在经度、纬度、海拔、年均气温、极端最高温、极端最低温、年降水量、日照时数和无霜期等地理-气候因子中,年均气温和极端最低温与姜黄素类成分含量极显著正相关;而在 pH 值及有机质、全 N、全 P、全 K 含量等根际土壤养分因子中,有机质含量与姜黄素类成分含量极显著正相关。 分析结果显示:影响姜黄根茎中姜黄素类成分含量的主要环境因子是年均气温、极端最低温和根际土壤的有机质含量。

Curcuminoids content in Curcuma longa L. rhizome from seven locations, which are Chongzhou and Qianwei of Sichuan, Sihui of Guangdong, Yulin, Bobai and Jinxiu of Guangxi, Maguan of Yunnan, was determined by HPLC. And correlation of curcuminoids content in C. longa rhizome from different locations with geography-climate factors and nutrient factors in rhizosphere soil was researched by the canonical correspondence analysis method (CCA). The results show that contents of organic matter, TN, TP and TK in rhizosphere soil of different locations are 14. 03-32. 79, 0. 39-0. 92, 0. 56-1. 55 and 2. 29-9. 23 g· kg^-1, respectively. Variation of nutrient content in rhizosphere soil is more obvious, and C. longa always grows in the soil with neutral to slightly acid and good property of water and fertilizer. The average contents of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin and total curcuminoids in C. longa rhizome are 1. 53% , 0. 42% , 0. 67% and 2. 61% , respectively. Curcuminoids content in C. longa rhizome from different locations has significant difference, and that in different sampling plots and times in the same location also exists certain difference. Total content of curcuminoids in C. longa rhizome from Bobai of Guangxi is the highest (4. 29% ) , while that is the lowest (1. 73% ) from Sihui of Guangdong. The CCA analysis result shows that in geography-climate factors including longitude, latitude, altitude, average annual temperature, the extreme highest and lowest temperatures, annual precipitation, sunshine duration, frost-free days, etc, average annual temperature and the extreme lowest temperature have extremely significant positive correlation with curcuminoids content, and in nutrient factors of rhizosphere soil including pH value, contents of organic matter, TN, TP and TK, organic matter content has an extremely significant positive correlation with curcuminoids content. It is concluded that average annual temperature, the extreme lowest temperature and organic matter content in rhizosphere soil are main environmental factors influencing curcuminoids content in C. longa rhizome.