2024年12月11日 星期三
武夷山市人工湿地再力花和花叶芦竹的重金属累积和迁移特点
Accumulation and migration characteristics of heavy metal in Thalia dealbata and Arundo donax var. versicolor in constructed wetland of Wuyishan City
2020年 第29卷 第4期 页码[28-35]    下载全文[0.8MB]  
摘要

以武夷山市生活污水处理厂人工湿地种植的再力花(Thalia dealbata Fraser)和花叶芦竹(Arundo donax var. versicolor Stokes)为研究对象,测定了不同生长时间(6月14日、8月2日、9月20日和11月8日)2种植物叶和茎中Mn、Cu、Cd、Zn、Cr和Pb含量,分析了2种植物6种重金属的累积和迁移特点以及生长时间与叶和茎中6种重金属含量的相关性。结果表明:再力花和花叶芦竹叶和茎中6种重金属含量总体上在9月20日或11月8日最高。再力花和花叶芦竹叶和茎中Mn、Cd和Zn含量在正常范围内或更低,Pb含量超出正常范围,Cu和Cr含量总体上在6月14日、8月2日和9月20日在正常范围内,在11月8日超出正常范围。总体上看,再力花的Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr迁移系数大于1,Cd和Pb迁移系数小于1;花叶芦竹的Mn和Cu迁移系数大于1,Cd、Cr、Zn和Pb迁移系数小于1。除再力花叶中Pb含量以及花叶芦竹叶中Cd含量和茎中Mn和Cd含量外,再力花和花叶芦竹生长时间与叶和茎中重金属含量呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关,且再力花生长时间与叶和茎中Mn、Cd和Zn含量的相关关系较好,而花叶芦竹生长时间与Cr含量的相关关系较好。综上所述,再力花和花叶芦竹中6种重金属的累积和迁移特点存在差异,属于多重金属耐性植物;在武夷山市人工湿地,建议将再力花用于Mn、Cd和Zn污染环境的修复,将花叶芦竹用于Cr污染环境的修复。

Abstract

 Taking Thalia dealbata Fraser and Arundo donax var. versicolor Stokes planted in the constructed wetland of Domestic Sewage Treatment Plant of Wuyishan City as research objects, contents of Mn, Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr, and Pb in leaf and stem of both plants at different growth times (June 14th, August 2nd, September 20th, and November 8th) were determined, and accumulation and migration characteristics of 6 heavy metals and correlations of growth time with contents of 6 heavy metals in leaf and stem of both plants were analyzed. The results show that contents of 6 heavy metals in leaf and stem of T. dealbata and A. donax var. versicolor generally are the highest on September 20th or November 8th. Contents of Mn, Cd, and Zn in leaf and stem of T. dealbata and A. donax var. versicolor are within the normal range or lower, Pb content is out of the normal range, and in general, contents of Cu and Cr are within the normal range on June 14th, August 2nd, and September 20th, but out of the normal range on November 8th. In general, migration coefficients of Mn, Cu, Zn, and Cr of T. dealbata are greater than 1, while those of Cd and Pb are smaller than 1; those of Mn and Cu of A. donax var. versicolor are greater than 1, while those of Cd, Cr, Zn, and Pb are smaller than 1. Except for Pb content in leaf of T. dealbata and Cd content in leaf and Mn and Cd contents in stem of A. donax var. versicolor, growth time of T. dealbata and A. donax var. versicolor shows significant (P<0.05) or extremely significant (P<0.01) correlations with heavy metal content in leaf and stem, and correlations of growth time of T. dealbata with contents of Mn, Cd, and Zn in leaf and stem are relatively good, while that of growth time of A. donax var. versicolor with Cr content is relatively good. In conclusion, there are differences in accumulation and migration characteristics of 6 heavy metals of T. dealbata and A. donax var. versicolor, which are multi-heavy metal tolerant plants; in the constructed wetland of Wuyishan City, it is recommended to use T. dealbata in restoration of Mn, Cd, and Zn-polluted environment and A. donax var. versicolor in restoration of Cr-polluted environment. 

关键词武夷山市; 人工湿地; 再力花; 花叶芦竹; 重金属; 迁移系数
Key wordsWuyishan City; constructed wetland; Thalia dealbata Fraser; Arundo donax var. versicolor Stokes; heavy metal; migration coefficient
作者郭汝凤1, 李冠军1, 刘鑫铭1, 黄婷1, 林勇明1, 吴承祯2a,2b, 李键1
所在单位1. 福建农林大学林学院, 福建 福州 350002;2. 武夷学院: a. 福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室, b. 生态与资源工程学院, 福建 南平 354300
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基金项目福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2016055; CXZX2018122); 福建农林大学林学院林学高峰学科优秀博硕士培养工程(71201800781)