采用SSR 标记技术对42 个荷花品种(Nelumbo spp.)的基因组DNA 进行扩增,在此基础上,对供试品种进行UPGMA 聚类分析、群体结构分析和主坐标分析(PCoA)。结果表明:采用17 对SSR 引物从42 个荷花品种的基因组DNA 中扩增出77 个位点,多态性位点百分率为88. 31%;每对引物可扩增出1 ~9 个多态性位点。根据Nei’s 遗传距离,供试的42 个荷花品种可被分成I和II两组,分别包含3 和39 个品种;在Nei’s 遗传距离0. 150 处,域组被进一步分成IIa、IIb 和IIc 3 个亚组,分别包含3、16 和20 个品种。群体结构分析结果表明:组分概率高于等于0. 80 时,供试的42 个荷花品种被分成Pop1、Pop2 和混合群3 个亚群,分别包含17、16 和9 个品种。PCoA 分析结果表明:在F1 水平上,供试的42 个荷花品种被分成2 个部分;其中,Pop1 亚群的品种均分布在第二和第三象限,而Pop2 亚群的品种则分布在第一和第四象限。总体来看,聚类分析、群体结构分析和PCoA 分析的结果基本一致。综合分析结果表明:玉组包含美洲黄莲(N. lutea Pers.)品种‘艾江南爷,且与传统中国莲(N. nucifera Gaertn.)品种的亲缘关系最远,故认为该组为美洲黄莲;域组为中国莲,其中,域c 亚组以传统中国莲品种为主,而域b 亚组则偏重于美洲黄莲。总体上看,供试的42 个荷花品种主要被分为中国莲和美洲黄莲两组,而中美杂交莲并没有独立成组,其成因有待进一步研究。

Genomic DNA of 42 lotus cultivars (Nelumbo spp.) were amplified by SSR marker technique,on the basis, UPGMA cluster analysis, population structure analysis and principal coordinate analysis  (PCoA) of cultivars tested were carried out. The results show that 77 loci are amplified from genomic DNA of 42 lotus cultivars by 17 pairs of SSR primers, percentage of polymorphic locus is 88. 31%. Each air of SSR primer can amplify 1-9 polymorphic loci. According to Nei’s genetic distance, 42 lotus cultivars tested can be divided into two groups, i. e. Iand II, which contain 3 and 39 cultivars, respectively. At Nei’s genetic distance of 0. 150, group  II,is further divided into three subgroups, i. e.  II,a,  II,b and II,c , which contain 3, 16 and 20 cultivars, respectively. The result of population structure analysis shows that when component probability is above or equal to 0. 80, 42 lotus cultivars tested can be divided into three subpopulations, i. e. Pop1, Pop2 and mixed population, which contain 17, 16 and 9 cultivars, respectively. The result of PCoA analysis shows that on F1 level, 42 lotus cultivars tested are divided into two parts. In which, cultivars of Pop1 subpopulation all distribute in the second and the third quadrants, while those of Pop2 subpopulation distribute in the first and the fourth quadrants. Overall, results of cluster analysis, population structure analysis and PCoA analysis are basically identical. The comprehensive analysis result shows that Igroup contains American lotus (N.lutea Pers.) cultivar 'Aijiangnan’, and its relationship with traditional Chinese lotus ( N. nucifera  Gaertn.) cultivars is the farthest, so the group is considered to be American lotus. II group is Chinese lotus, in which, IIc subgroup is mainly traditional Chinese lotus cultivars, while IIb subgroup is lean to American lotus. In general, 42 lotus cultivars tested are mainly divided into two groups of Chinese lotus and American lotus, while Sino-American hybrid lotus has not became into an independent group, the reason needs to be further researched.