液体深层发酵所得的羊肚菌(Morchella essulenta L .)营养液经超过滤法去掉小分子量组分, 脱脂, 脱色, 脱蛋白质, 减压低温浓缩, 用超速离心法分离提纯, 再用乙醇沉淀法反复多次将所要的多糖沉淀提纯, 得到羊肚菌多糖(M EP)。对其中分子量为 10 000～ 100 000 的多糖(M EP-SP), 采用 D EAE-纤维素离子交换柱, 以不同浓度 NaCl为洗脱液, 进行纯化分离, 再经 Sepharose CL-6B 纯化得到 2 种水溶性多糖 M EP-SP2 和 M EP-SP3 。 用高效液相色谱法测得 M EP-SP2 和 M EP-SP3 的分子量分别为 23 000 和 44 000。 气相色谱法对 M EP-SP2 和 M EP-SP3 组成的分析结果表明, M EP-SP2 由甘露糖、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖和半乳糖残基为重复单元组成, 摩尔比为 1 .75∶4.13∶0.71∶0 .68;M EP-SP3 由木糖、 葡萄糖、 甘露糖、 果糖、 阿拉伯糖和半乳糖残基为重复单元组成, 摩尔比为 3 .58∶14 .9∶3 .85∶1.77∶51.3∶0 .53。 用核磁共振及红外光谱法等鉴定出 M EP-SP 2 是具有α-吡喃糖苷键的杂多糖。
 

The nutrient liquid of Morchella esculenta L .from liquid deep lay er fermentation was treated by ultrafiltration to remove low molecular w eight components , then defatted , decolo rized and
deproteinized and followed by concentration under reduced pressure and low temperature .It was further purified by ultracentrifuge and repeated precipitation and purification w ith ethanol to obtain the required polysaccharide components (M EP), in w hich M EP-SP of molecular of 10 000 ～ 100 000 was purified and separated by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column and Sepharose CL-6B gel chromatography , two soluble fractions (M EP-SP2 and M EP-SP3)were yielded .HPLC w as used to obtain their molecular w eight and gas chrom atog raphy w as used to determine their mo nosaccharide constitution .The results showed that molecular w eight of MEP-SP2 is 23 000 , M EP-SP3 is 44 000 ,the former is composed of four kinds of onosaccharides :mannose , glucose , arabinose and galactose in the mole ratio of 1 .75∶4 .13∶0 .71∶0 .68 ; the latter is composed of six kinds of monosaccharides,w hich contains xylose , glucose , mannose , fructose , arabinose and galactose in mole ratio of 3 .5 8 ∶14 .9∶3 .85∶1 .77∶51 .3∶0 .53 .The structure of MEP-SP2 was studied by means of elemental analy sis, IR , NM R, etc .the result show ed that m ain chains in M EP-SP2 w ere composed of α-pyrangly coside linkage .