以海南省内保存较完好的4个黎族自然村的植物资源为对象,通过现场调查、走访和文献研究,分析海南黎族传统村落资源植物的多样性、濒危程度和利用情况。结果表明:海南黎族传统村落资源植物共有144科565属825种(含种下等级,下同)。以豆科(Fabaceae)种类最多(63种),占比为7.6%；其后依次为茜草科(Rubiaceae)(39种)、兰科(Orchidaceae)(37种)和菊科(Asteraceae)(34种),占比分别为4.7%、4.5%和4.1%。从生活型看,海南黎族传统村落资源植物中草本最多(323种),其后依次为灌木(160种)、乔木(152种)和藤本(90种),具有2种生活型的植物有100种。从濒危状况看,海南黎族传统村落资源植物中极危(CR)物种6种、濒危(EN)物种21种、易危(VU)物种36种、近危(NT)物种14种。从利用方式看,海南黎族传统村落资源植物分为药用植物（710种）、食用植物（141种）、生产生活植物（270种）、图腾崇拜植物（33种）和经济作物（46种）5大类,占比分别为86.1%、17.1%、32.7%、4.0%和5.6%,282种植物有2种及以上用途。随着社会经济的发展和生活方式的改变,海南黎族传统民族植物学知识正在逐渐消失,应加强相关知识的梳理和保护。

 Taking resource plants from four wellpreserved natural villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province as research objects, the diversity, endangered degree, and utilization status of resource plants in traditional villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province were analyzed through field surveys, interviews, and literature investigation. The results show that there are 825 species (including infraspecies, the same below) of resource plants in traditional villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province, belonging to 565 genera of 144 families. Fabaceae species are the most (63 species), accounting for 7.6%; followed by Rubiaceae (39 species), Orchidaceae (37 species), and Asteraceae (34 species), accounting for 4.7%, 4.5%, and 4.1% respectively. In terms of life forms, herbs are the most abundant (323 species) in resource plants in traditional villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province, followed by shrubs (160 species), arbors (152 species), and lianas (90 species), with 100 species exhibiting two life forms. In terms of endangered status, there are 6 critically endangered (CR) species, 21 endangered (EN) species, 36 vulnerable (VU) species, and 14 near threatened (NT) species in resource plants in traditional villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province. In terms of utilization patterns, resource plants in traditional villages of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province are categorized into five groups, namely medicinal plants (710 species), edible plants (141 species), production and life plants (270 species), totem worship plants (33 species), and cash crops (46 species), accounting for 86.1%, 17.1%, 32.7%, 4.0%, and 5.6% respectively, with 282 species possessing two or more uses. With the development of social economy and the change of lifestyle, the traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of the Li ethnic group in Hainan Province is gradually disappearing, so the sorting out and protection of relevant knowledge should be strengthened.