2024年10月31日 星期四
苍耳叶活性组分对害虫的拒食和忌避作用及其化学成分
Antifeedant and deterrent effect of active fractions in Xanthium sibiricum leaf against insect pests and its chemical component
2009年 第18卷 第1期 页码[74-79]    下载全文[0.8MB]  
摘要

采用硅胶柱层析法对苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Patrin.)叶甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物的活性成分进行了跟踪分离及生物活性测定。共分离出8个活性组分,其中组分Ⅱ对试虫的生物活性最高。组分Ⅱ(0.01 g.mL-1)对菜青虫(Pieris rapae L.)和小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)的选择性拒食率高达100.00%;对桃蚜〔Myzus persicae (Sulzer)〕和萝卜蚜〔Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)〕的选择性忌避率分别为61.11%和70.83%;对小菜蛾的24 h选择性产卵忌避率达71.17%,并对小菜蛾幼虫的化蛹率和蛹重也有显著影响。经HPLC和LC-MS分析,组分Ⅱ的主要化学成分为倍半萜内酯类化合物4β,5β-环氧苍耳素-1α,4α-内过氧化物,分子式为C15H18O5

Abstract

Eight active fractions were separated from the ethyl acetate extracts of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin. leaf methanol extracts by silica gel column chromatography, and their effect of antifeedant and deterrent on four insect pests were investigated in laboratory. The results show that among the eight fractions, the biological activity of fractionⅡ is the highest. The selective antifeedant rate of fractionⅡ(0.01g·mL- 1) against Pieris rapae L.and Plutella xylostella L. is 100. 00%, and its selective deterrent rate against Myzus persicae (Sulzer)and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) is 61.11% and 70.83%, respectively. After treated for 24h, the selective oviposition deterrent rate of fraction Ⅱagainst Plutella xylostella is 71.17%, meanwhile, it has significant effect on pupation rate and pupal weight of Plutella xylostella larvae. The identification result of HPLC and LC-MS shows that the main chemical component of fractionⅡ is 4β,5β-epoxyxanthatin-1α,4α-endoperoxide (C15H18O5),  which is a sesquiterpene lactones compound.

关键词苍耳; 活性组分; 拒食; 忌避; 害虫;
Key wordsXanthium sibiricum Patrin.; active fraction; antifeedant; deterrent; insect pest
作者周 琼1,2,魏美才2,欧晓明3,钟义海2,王问学2
所在单位1.湖南师范大学生命科学学院,湖南长沙410081;
2.中南林业科技大学昆虫系统与进化生物学实验室,湖南长沙410004;
3.湖南化工研究院国家农药创制工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410007
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基金项目国家自然科学基金资助项目(30570226); 湖南省自然科学基金重点项目(06JJ20099); 湖南省教育厅基金项目(05C336);