基于SSR标记对蓝莓品种‘蓝美1号’（Vaccinium corymbosum ‘Lanmei 1’）217个自由授粉子代和26个现有蓝莓（Vaccinium spp.）栽培品种的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了分析。结果显示：243个供试材料中，23对引物共检测出113个等位基因。多态性信息含量指数（PIC）为0.507 5~0.833 0，均值为0.686 6；所有引物的PIC值均在0.5以上，表明SSR引物的多态性较高。217个自由授粉子代的Nei’s遗传多样性指数和Shannon’s多态性信息指数的均值分别为0.733 4和1.439 4，自由授粉子代较现有栽培品种具有较高的遗传多样性水平。UPGMA聚类分析中，26个品种聚为一类；217个自由授粉子代的遗传相似系数为0.70~0.99，除少数自由授粉子代外，其余子代划分为3个类群。STRUCTURE分析将217个自由授粉子代划分为4个亚群，亚群内子代遗传背景相对单一。比较UPGMA聚类分析和STRUCTURE分析的结果，STRUCTURE分析的分群效果更佳，亚群内子代间遗传相似性高。综合分析结果表明：筛选出的23对引物具有高度多态性；‘蓝美1号’自由授粉子代的遗传多样性较高，同现有栽培品种亲缘关系较远，可为蓝莓品种的改良提供丰富的遗传资源。

  Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 217 open-pollinated progenies of Vaccinium corymbosum ‘Lanmei 1’ and 26 existing cultivated cultivars of blueberry （Vaccinium spp.） were analyzed based on SSR marker. The results show that among 243 test materials, 113 alleles are detected with 23 pairs of primers. The polymorphic information content index (PIC) is 0.507 5-0.833 0, with an average of 0.686 6; the PIC values of all primers are greater than 0.5, indicating the polymorphisms of SSR primers are relatively high. The averages of Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shannon’s polymorphic information index of 217 open-pollinated progenies are 0.733 4 and 1.439 4 respectively, and the genetic diversity levels of open-pollinated progenies are relatively higher than those of existing cultivated cultivars. In the UPGMA cluster analysis, 26 cultivars are clustered into one category; the genetic similarity coefficient of 217 open-pollinated progenies are 0.70-0.99, and expect for a few open-pollinated progenies, the other progenies can be divided into three groups. The STRUCTURE analysis divides 217 open-pollinated progenies into four subgroups, and the genetic background of progenies within subgroups are relatively simple. Comparing the results of UPGMA cluster analysis and STRUCTURE analysis, the grouping effect of STRUCTURE analysis is better, and the genetic similarity among progenies within subgroups is high. The comprehensive analysis result shows that 23 pairs of selected primers are highly polymorphic; the genetic diversity of open-pollinated progenies of ‘Lanmei 1’ is relatively high and they have relatively far genetic relationships with existing cultivated cultivars, which can provide rich genetic resources for improvement of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.） cultivars.