2024年12月2日 星期一
浙江九龙山国家级自然保护区长序榆群落的结构特征及种间联结性分析
Analyses on structural characteristics and interspecific association of Ulmus elongata community in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang
2020年 第29卷 第5期 页码[66-74]    下载全文[1MB]  
摘要

以浙江九龙山国家级自然保护区内的长序榆(Ulmus elongata L. K. Fu et C. S. Ding)群落为研究对象,对该群落乔木层、灌木层和草本层的种类、胸径(地径)、株高、冠幅和盖度等特征进行调查,并分析了林冠层不同层次的种类组成。在此基础上,对该长序榆群落的种类多样性进行了分析;采用χ2W检验以及共同出现百分率(PC)和联结系数(AC),分析了该群落乔木层主要树种的种间联结性。结果显示:该长序榆群落共有维管植物37科53属58种,乔木层有19科26属32种,乔木层种类的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)、Simpson优势度指数(D)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)分别为3.03、0.93和0.87;灌木层有17科18属19种,灌木层种类的H、DJ值分别2.73、0.92和0.93;草本层有14科17属18种,草本层种类的H、D和J值分别为2.55、0.90和0.88。林冠层越低种类数越多,且长序榆仅出现在林冠层的中上层,并缺乏更新苗。种间联结性分析结果显示:该群落乔木层25个主要树种的种间关系总体呈不显著正关联。从PC值看,仅有58个种对紧密关联(PC≥0.6),其中,长序榆仅与红楠(Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc.)、薄叶润楠(Machilus leptophylla Hand.-Mazz.)和华中樱桃〔Cerasus conradinae (Koehne) Yü et Li〕等10个种类紧密关联;从AC值看,有92个种对紧密正关联(AC≥0.60),有91个种对紧密负关联(AC≤-0.60),其中,长序榆仅与红楠、紫弹树(Celtis biondii Pamp.)和紫楠〔Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble〕(AC≥0.60)以及南酸枣〔Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) B. L. Burtt et A. W. Hill〕、杉木〔Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.〕和香港四照花〔Dendrobenthamia hongkongensis (Hemsl.) Hutch.〕(AC≤-0.60)紧密关联。综合分析结果表明:在该群落中,长序榆与多数树种不紧密正关联,表明其具有一定的独立性和随机性。虽然群落中缺乏长序榆更新苗,但长序榆种群的年龄结构比较合理,种群中尚有一定数量的中小龄级个体,在群落中的优势地位短期内不会发生明显改变。

Abstract

Taking Ulmus elongata L. K. Fu et C. S. Ding community in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang as research object, characteristics of species, diameter at breast height (ground diameter), height, crown width and coverage, etc. of arbor layer, shrub layer and herb layer of the community were investigated, and the species composition of different layers in canopy layer was analyzed. On this basis, the species diversity of U. elongata community was analyzed; interspecific association of main tree species in arbor layer of the community was analyzed by using χ2 and W tests, and percentage of co-occurrence (PC) and interspecific association coefficient (AC). The results show that there are 58 species of vascular plants in 53 genera of 37 families in U. elongata community. There are 32 species in 26 genera of 19 families in arbor layer, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson dominance index (D) and Pielou evenness index (J) of species in arbor layer are 3.03, 0.93 and 0.87, respectively; there are 19 species in 18 genera of 17 families in shrub layer, H, D and J values of species in shrub layer are 2.73, 0.92 and 0.93, respectively; there are 18 species in 17 genera of 14 families in herb layer, H, D and J values of species in herb layer are 2.55, 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. The lower the canopy layer, the more the species, and U. elongata only appears in the middle and upper layer of canopy layer, and there is a lack of regeneration seedlings. The result of interspecific association analysis shows that the interspecific relationship of 25 main tree species in the community is not significantly positive association in general. In terms of PC value, only 58 species pairs are closely association (PC≥0.6), in which, U. elongata is only closely associated with 10 species of Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc., Machilus leptophylla Hand.-Mazz. and Cerasus conradinae (Koehne) Yü et Li, etc.; in terms of AC value, 92 species pairs are closely positive association (AC≥0.60) and 91 species pairs are closely negative association (AC≤-0.60), in which, U. elongata is only closely associated with M. thunbergii, Celtis biondii Pamp. and Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble (AC≥0.60), and Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) B. L. Burtt et A. W. Hill, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. and Dendrobenthamia hongkongensis (Hemsl.) Hutch. (AC≤-0.60). The result of comprehensive analysis shows that U. elongata is not closely associated with most tree species in the community, indicating that it has a certain independence and randomness. Although there is a lack of regeneration seedlings of U. elongata in the community, but the age structure of U. elongata population is relatively reasonable, there are still a certain number of small and middle age individuals in the population, and dominant position in the community will not change obviously in a short term. 

关键词长序榆; 群落结构; 种类组成; 种类多样性; χ2检验; 种间联结
Key wordsUlmus elongata L. K. Fu et C. S. Ding; community structure; species composition; species diversity; χ2 test; interspecific association
作者杜有新1, 王军峰1, 梁炜2, 杨晓君3, 王志高4, 刘伟2
所在单位1. 华东药用植物园科研管理中心,浙江 丽水 323000;2. 丽水市白云山生态林场,浙江 丽水 323000; 3. 浙江九龙山国家级自然保护区管理局, 浙江 丽水 323300;4. 浙江省林业科学研究院,浙江 杭州 310023
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基金项目丽水市公益性技术应用研究项目(2019GYX14);浙江省林业生物多样性保护项(33112410150002)