采用ISSR标记对收集自西藏多地的22份野生和地方葱属（Allium Linn.）材料进行遗传多样性分析，并探讨了材料间的遗传关系。结果显示：基于筛选出的20个引物，22份葱属材料共扩增出211个条带（位点），其中多态性位点208个，多态性比率达到98.6%，平均每个引物扩增出10.6个位点；每个位点的观测等位基因数均值为2.0，其中有效等位基因数均值为1.6，Nei's基因多样性指数均值为0.37，Shannon's信息指数均值为0.54，表明供试22份葱属材料具有较高的遗传多样性水平。供试22份葱属材料的遗传相似系数在0.43～0.87之间，遗传距离在0.14～0.84之间，其中，15号香葱（A. schoenoprasum Linn.）与18号香葱、12号青甘韭（A. przewalskianum Regel）与13号青甘韭以及13号青甘韭与14号青甘韭间的亲缘关系较近。聚类分析结果显示：在遗传相似系数0.35处，供试22份葱属材料可聚为6组，青甘韭和韭葱（A. porrum Linn.）与韭菜（A. tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng.）和香葱间的亲缘关系较近，遗传相似系数在0.83~0.86之间，遗传距离在0.15~0.19之间；粗根韭（A. fasciculatum Rendle）与韭菜、10号香葱和大花韭（A. macranthum Baker）间的亲缘关系较远，遗传相似系数在0.64~0.68之间，遗传距离在0.39~0.44之间。综合研究结果表明：供试22份葱属材料间的变异程度较大，具有较丰富的遗传多样性，部分材料体现出一定的来源地域一致性特征，其遗传关系基本符合传统分类结果。

Analyses on genetic diversity of 22 wild and local Allium Linn. materials collected from various regions in Xizang were conducted by using ISSR marker, and the genetic relationship between the materials was also discussed. The results show that based on the 20 selected primers, a total of 211 bands （loci） are amplified from the 22 Allium materials, among which there are 208 polymorphic loci, the polymorphism ratio reaches 98.6%, and each primer amplifies 10.6 loci on average; the average of observed number of alleles per locus is 2.0, among which the average of effective number of alleles is 1.6, the average of Nei's gene diversity index is 0.37, and the average of Shannon's information index is 0.54, indicating that 22 test Allium materials have a relatively high level of genetic diversity. The genetic similarity coefficients between 22 test Allium materials are within the range of 0.43-0.87, and the genetic distances are within the range of 0.14-0.84, among which, the relationships between No. 15 and No. 18 of A. schoenoprasum Linn., No. 12 and No. 13 of A. przewalskianum Regel, as well as No. 13 and No. 14 of A. przewalskianum are relatively close. The cluster analysis result shows that at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.35, 22 test Allium materials can be clustered into six groups, the relationships of A. przewalskianum and A. porrum Linn. with A. tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. and A. schoenoprasum are relatively close, the genetic similarity coefficients are within the range of 0.83-0.86， and the genetic distance are within the range of 0.15-0.19, the relationship of A. fasciculatum Rendle with A. tuberosum, No. 10 of A. schoenoprasum and A. macranthum Baker are relatively distant, the genetic similarity coefficients are within the range of 0.64-0.68, and the genetic distance are within the range of 0.39-0.44. The comprehensive research results indicate that the variation degree among 22 test Allium materials is relatively large, the genetic diversity is relatively abundant, some of the materials exhibit certain characteristics of regional consistency in their sources, and their genetic relationships are generally in accordance with traditional classification results.