基于68个木犀〔Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour.〕样品(包括17个四季桂样品、18个银桂样品、12个金桂样品和21个丹桂样品)的全基因组重测序数据，通过全基因组关联分析对木犀花期(四季桂品种群与非四季桂类)和花色(丹桂品种群与非丹桂类)单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点进行了深入挖掘。结果显示：筛选到与木犀花期显著相关的SNP位点489个，与花色显著相关的SNP位点1 525个，从中挑选位点进行SNP分子标记开发，并进行分型验证。开发出11个木犀花期SNP分子标记，其中位点HQ-1、HQ-2、HQ-3和HQ-8分型成功率较高，是理想的木犀花期SNP分子标记。开发出12个木犀花色SNP分子标记，其中位点HS-1、HS-2、HS-3、HS-9和HS-10分型成功率较高，是理想的木犀花色SNP分子标记。本研究开发的SNP位点可用于木犀品种鉴定、指纹图谱构建、辅助育种、遗传多样性和亲缘关系等方面的研究。

Based on the whole genome re-sequencing data of 68 Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. samples (including 17 samples of the Asiaticus Group, 18 samples of the Albus Group, 12 samples of the Luteus Group, and 21 samples of the Aurantiacus Group), in-depth mining of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for flowering period (Asiaticus Group vs non-Asiaticus Group) and flower color (Aurantiacus Group vs non-Aurantiacus Group) of O. fragrans was carried out through genome-wide association study. The results show that 489 SNP loci significantly related to flowering period of O. fragrans and 1 525 SNP loci significantly related to flower color are screened, selected loci are developed into SNP molecular markers, and genotyping validation is performed. Eleven SNP molecular markers for flowering period of O. fragrans are developed, among which loci HQ-1, HQ-2, HQ-3, and HQ-8 have relatively high genotyping success rates and are ideal SNP molecular markers for flowering period of O. fragrans. Twelve SNP molecular markers for flower color of O. fragrans are developed, among which loci HS-1, HS-2, HS-3, HS-9, and HS-10 have relatively high genotyping success rates and are ideal SNP molecular markers for flower color of O. fragrans. The SNP loci developed in this study can be used for researches in aspects such as O. fragrans cultivar identification, fingerprint construction, assisted breeding, genetic diversity, and genetic relationship.