Changes in morphological characteristics and biomass allocation of Fritillaria unibracteata P. K. Hsiao et K. C. Hsia under conditions of shading and applying nitrogen were studied. The results show that leaf area, specific leaf area, specific root length, ratio of dry weight of above-ground part to that of under-ground part (R₁ ), ratio of dry weight of leaf to that of root (R₂ ) and ratio of dry weight of leaf to that of whole plant (R₄ ) of F. unibracteata under condition of shading have extremely significant differences with those of the control (P<0. 01), but root surface area and ratio of dry weight of root to that of whole plant ( R₃ ) have no significant differences with those of the control. Under condition of applying nitrogen, specific leaf area and R₄ have extremely significant differences with those of the control, R₁ has significant difference with that of the control ( P<0. 05), but leaf area, root surface area, specific root length, R₂ and R₃ have no significant differences with those of the control. Comprehensive analysis result shows that treatments of shading and applying nitrogen have some effects on morphological characteristics and biomass allocation of F. unibracteata, but response of root to shading and applying nitrogen are weaker than those of leaf.