以油菜(Brassica campestris L.)、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)、小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和高粱(Sorghum vulgare Pers.)4种作物种子为供试材料,用种子萌发法测定了苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Patrin)全株的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮和苯4种溶剂提取物的除草活性。结果表明,苍耳丙酮提取物对4种作物生长的抑制活性最高,其次为乙酸乙酯提取物和苯提取物,石油醚提取物对4种作物生长的抑制活性最低。不同作物幼根和幼茎对4种溶剂提取物的敏感性不同,油菜和高粱的幼根对苍耳丙酮提取物极为敏感,5 g.L^-1苍耳丙酮提取物对油菜和高粱幼根生长的抑制率分别为90.7%和92.1%。

The herbicidal activities of four solvent extracts from Xanthium sibiricum Patrin were tested by method of seed germination for Sorghum vulgare Pers., Cucumis sativus L., Triticum aestivum L. and Brassica campestris L. The results showed that acetone extract had the highest herbicidal activity, then petroleum and ethyl acetate extracts, benzene extract was the lowest one. The sensitivities of roots and stems of the four crop seedlings were different on the same extract. Roots of Brassica campestris and Sorghum vulgare seedlings were very sensitive to acetone extract of X. sibiricum, and their inhibition rates were 90.7% and 92.1% respectively treated with 5g·L^{- 1}acetone extract.