以南方高丛蓝浆果(Vaccinium corymbosum hybrids)品种‘南月’(‘Southmoon’)优选系A47 的1 年生扦插苗为实验材料,采用盆栽实验方法,研究在pH 4. 5 和pH 6. 0 的土壤中按照摩尔比100︰0、75︰25、50︰50、25︰75 和0︰100施用铵态氮与硝态氮,对扦插苗根、茎和叶干质量、茎基径和株高的影响。结果表明:在pH 4. 5 的土壤中,5 个施肥处理组幼苗的根、茎和叶干质量均无显著差异(P>0. 05);而多数处理组间幼苗的茎基径和株高也无显著差异。在pH 6. 0 的土壤中,铵硝摩尔比100︰0 处理组幼苗的根、茎和叶干质量显著高于其他处理组(P<0. 05),其余处理间均无显著差异;茎基径随铵态氮比例的提高而增大,其中铵硝摩尔比100︰0 处理组幼苗的茎基径显著高于其他处理组;多数处理组间幼苗的株高无显著差异。与pH 4. 5 的土壤相比,在pH 6. 0 的土壤中各施肥处理组的根、茎和叶干质量均显著降低;除铵硝摩尔比100︰0 处理组外,其他处理组的茎基径均显著降低;除铵硝摩尔比50︰50 和0︰100处理组外,其他处理组的株高显著降低。综合分析结果表明:在pH 4. 5 的土壤中施用硝态氮和铵态氮对优选系A47 生长的影响总体上无明显差异,但在pH 6. 0 的土壤中施用铵态氮肥较有利于植株生长;优选系A47 适宜栽植于pH 4. 5 的酸性土壤中。

Taking 1-year-old cutting seedlings of superior strain A47 of cultivar ‘Southmoon’of southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum hybrids) as experiment materials, effects of applying NH4⁺-N and NO3^--N in soil with pH 4. 5 and pH 6. 0 according to molar ratio of 100︰0, 75︰25, 50︰50, 25︰75and 0︰100 on dry weights of root, stem and leaf, stem base diameter and height of cutting seedling were studied by pot experiment method. The results show that in soil with pH 4. 5, there is no significant difference in dry weights of root, stem and leaf of seedling among five fertilization treatment groups (P> 0.05), and also, there is no significant difference in stem base diameter and height of seedling among most treatment groups. In soil with pH 6. 0, dry weights of root, stem and leaf of seedling in treatment group with molar ratio of NH4⁺-N to NO3^--N of 100︰0 are significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0. 05), while there is no significant difference among other groups; stem base diameter increases with rising of NH4⁺-N proportion, in which that in treatment group with molar ratio of NH4⁺-N to NO3^--Nof 100︰0 is significantly higher than that in other groups; and there is no significant difference in height of seedling among most treatment groups. Comparing to soil with pH 4. 5, in soil with pH 6. 0, dry weights of root, stem and leaf in all fertilization treatment groups reduce significantly; except treatment group with molar ratio of NH4⁺-N to NO3^--N of 100︰0, stem base diameter of other treatment groups reduces significantly; and except treatment groups with molar ratio of NH4⁺-N to NO3^--N of 50︰50 and 0︰100, height of other treatment groups reduces significantly. The comprehensive analysis result indicates that there generally is no obvious difference in effect of either applying ammonium fertilizer or applying nitrate fertilizer in soil with pH 4. 5 on growth of superior strain A47, but in soil with pH 6. 0, applying ammonium fertilizer is beneficial to growth of superior strain A47. And superior strain A47 is suitable to be cultivated in soil with pH 4. 5.