以高粱(Sorghum vulgare Pers.)、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)、小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和油菜(Brassica campestris L.)为供试对象,用种子萌发法测定了小飞蓬(Erigeron canadensis L.)全株的石油醚、乙酸乙酯和乙醇等3种溶剂提取物的除草活性。小飞蓬的乙酸乙酯与乙醇提取物对4种供试作物均显示出很强的抑制生长作用,浓度达100 mg.mL-1时对小麦和油菜幼苗生长的抑制率均为100%。小飞蓬乙酸乙酯提取物对高粱和油菜的幼根及黄瓜和油菜幼茎的生长有明显的抑制作用。低浓度乙醇提取物对小麦和高粱幼根及幼茎的生长有较强抑制作用,但高浓度时则对黄瓜和油菜的抑制作用较强;6.25 mg·mL^-1乙醇提取物对黄瓜、油菜、小麦和高粱幼茎生长的抑制率分别为6.50%、8.58%、21.51%和26.98%; 25 mg·mL^-1乙醇提取物的抑制率则分别达到61.31%、77.45%、39.78%和46.34%。表明小飞蓬乙酸乙酯和乙醇提取物具有潜在的除草活性。

The herbicidal activities of petroleum ether, ether acetate and alcohol extracts from Erigeron canadensis L. were tested by the seed germination of Sorghum vulgare Pers., Cucum is sativus L.,Triticum aestivum L. and Brassica campestris L. The results showed that ether acetate and alcohol extracts could inhibit the growth of crop seedlings, the inhibition rate to T. aestivum and B. campestris seedlings were all 100% when concentration was 100 mg·mL^-1. The ether acetate extract had high inhibition to the root growth of S. vulgare and B. campestris and to the stem growth of C. sativus and B. campestris. The inhibition rates of alcohol extract were high to growth of T. aestivum, S. vulgare seedlings when concentration was low, but were obvious to C. sativus and B. campestris when concentration was high. The inhibition rates of alcohol extract to stem growth of C. sativus, B. campestris, T. aestivum and S. vulgare seedlings were 6. 50%, 8. 58%, 21. 51% and 26. 98% respectively at the concentration of 6. 25 mg·mL^-1, but were 61. 31%, 77. 45%,39. 78% and 46. 34% respectively at the concentration of 25mg·mL^-1. It was concluded that the ether acetate and alcohol extracts from E. canadensis had the potential herbicidal activity.