Chemical constituents in fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa （Juss.） Benth. and E. fargesii Dode were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology， and changes in contents of main constituents at different harvesting times were analyzed. The results show that common constituents in fruits of E. rutaecarpa and E. fargesii are thirteen， including indoloquinazolines， limonin and quinolones. Contents of main constituents in their fruits firstly increase and then decrease with the fruit maturing process. In fruits of E. rutaecarpa， contents of indoloquinazolines （including evodiamine， rutaecarpine， and dehydroevodiamine）， limonin， and quinolones peak on September 5th， August 24th， and August 14th， with 1.509 7％， 0.429 2％， and 0.189 6％， respectively； in fruits of E. fargesii， contents of three kinds of constituents peak on August 14th， August 4th， and July 17th， with 0.215 2％， 0.521 1％， and 0.215 9％， respectively. The comprehensive analysis shows that the optimum harvesting time of E. rutaecarpa and E. fargesii is the end of August to early September and the end of July to the middle of August， respectively； total content of three kinds of constituents in fruits of E. rutaecarpa is higher than that of E. fargesii， and its medicinal quality is slightly better than the latter.