采用二次正交回归旋转设计,以Na₂ SO₄ 为硫源、46%CO(NH₂ )₂ 为氮源模拟氮-硫沉降,分析了不同氮-硫沉降水平下邓恩桉(Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden)和杉木[Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.]人工林凋落物中C 和N残留率的动态变化,并采用Olson 指数模型对C 和N 分解模型进行拟合。结果表明:在不同氮-硫沉降水平下,在1 年内随处理时间延长邓恩桉和杉木凋落物的C 和N 残留率总体上均呈下降趋势;且N 较难释放,总体表现为“释放-富集-释放”的动态过程;但在不同氮-硫沉降水平下及不同处理时间凋落物中C 和N 残留率均有极显著差异(P<0. 01)。凋落物中C 和N 分解的Olson 指数模型的相关性总体上达到极显著或显著(P<0. 05)水平;邓恩桉和杉木凋落物中C 和N 的平均分解系数分别为0. 877 和0. 208、0. 704 和0. 600,平均周转期分别为3. 148 和15.877 a,4. 090 和4. 947 a,显示凋落物中C 释放速率大于N,杉木凋落物的C 周转期大于邓恩桉但其N 周转期则小于后者。在Na2 SO4 164 kg·hm^-2 ·a^-1 的水平下,氮沉降对邓恩桉凋落物的C 和N 释放及杉木凋落物的N 释放有促进作用,但对杉木凋落物的C 释放有抑制作用;在46% CO(NH₂ )₂ 150 或256 kg·hm^-2 ·a^-1 的水平下,硫沉降也具有同样的作用。随分解时间的延长,邓恩桉凋落物的C/ N 值呈波动但总体减小的趋势,而杉木凋落物的C/ N值呈波动趋势;但在不同氮-硫沉降水平下凋落物的C/ N 值均有极显著差异,且邓恩桉凋落物C/ N 值的变化幅度总体上大于杉木凋落物。

Taking Na₂SO₄ as sulfur source and 46% CO(NH₂ )₂ as nitrogen source to simulate nitrogen-sulfur deposition, dynamic change of residual rates of C and N in litters of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. plantations under different levels of simulated nitrogen-sulfur deposition was studied by the quadratic rotation-orthogonal combination design, and decomposition models of C and N were fitted by the Olson exponential model. The results show that during one year, residual rates of C and N in litters of E. dunnii and C. lanceolata appear generally a decreasing tendency with prolonging of treatment time under different levels of nitrogen-sulfur deposition, and N release is more difficult with the dynamic process “ release-enrichment-release”, but there are extremely significant differences in residual rates of C and N of litters among different levels of nitrogen-sulfur deposition and among different treatment times (P<0. 01). The correlation of Olson exponential models of C and N decomposition in litters reaches generally extremely significant or significant (P<0. 05) levels. Average decomposition coefficients of C and N in litters of E. dunnii and C. lanceolata are 0. 877 and 0. 208, 0. 704 and 0. 600, average turnover periods of them are 3. 148 and 15. 877 a, 4. 090 and 4. 947 a, respectively, indicating that C release rate in litters is higher than that of N, and C turnover period in C. lanceolata litter is longer than that in E. dunnii litter but N turnover period of the former is shorter than that of the latter. Under level of Na₂SO₄ 164 kg·hm^-2·a^-1, nitrogen deposition has a promoting effect on C and N release in E. dunnii litter and on N release in C. lanceolata litter but has a inhibiting effect on C release in C. lanceolata litter, and sulfur deposition has the same effects under level of 46% CO(NH₂)₂ 150 or 256 kg·hm^-2·a^-1. With prolonging of decomposition time, C/ N value in E. dunnii litter appears a trend of fluctuation and general decreasing, while that in C. lanceolata litter appears a fluctuation trend. There are extremely significant differences in C/ N value in litters under different levels of nitrogen-sulfur deposition, and variation range of C/ N value in E. dunnii litter is generally bigger than that in C. lanceolata litter.