根据2021年发布的《国家重点保护野生植物名录》并查阅相关资料，统计分析了贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物组成特征及地理分布格局。结果显示：贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物（241种）中种子植物种类最多（219种），所占比例为90.9%，是贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物的重要组成。在科水平上，兰科（Orchidaceae）种类最多，含12属80种；其次是藜芦科（Melanthiaceae），含1属17种。从物种生活型来看，贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物以地面芽植物、高位芽植物和地上芽植物为主，分别有85、80和65种。以行政区域分布统计发现，国家重点保护野生植物种类多、物种密度较高的县级行政区域多在黔南布依族苗族自治州和黔西南布依族苗族自治州，而贵州省中部地区以及毕节市、安顺市和六盘水市分布的国家重点保护野生植物种类较少。以山脉水系分布统计发现，4个山脉中以苗岭山脉分布的国家重点保护野生植物种类最多（91种），8个水系中以乌江水系分布的国家重点保护野生植物种类最多（126种）。从垂直分布看，随着海拔（Alt）升高，国家重点保护野生植物种类先增加后减少，在800 m≤Alt＜1 000 m区间的种类最多（141种）。针对当前贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物组成特征及地理分布格局，建议加强贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物宣传力度，增强群众生态意识，加强喀斯特生态系统保护，并及时开展贵州省分布的国家重点保护野生植物资源调查。

According to The List of National Key Protected Wild Plants published in 2021 and consulting relevant information, the composition characteristics and geographical distribution pattern of national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province were analyzed statistically. The results show that among national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province (241 species), the seed plant species are the most (219 species), accounting for 90.9%, which is an important composition of national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province. At the family level, Orchidaceae has the most species, containing 80 species of 12 genera; followed by Melanthiaceae, containing 17 species of 1 genus. In terms of species life form, hemicryptophytes, phanerophytes, and chamaephytes are dominant national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province, which have 85, 80, and 65 species, respectively. The statistical result of distribution in administrative regions shows that county-level administrative regions with many species and high species density of national key protected wild plants are mostly in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, while the central Guizhou, Bijie City, Anshun City, and Liupanshui City have fewer species of national key protected wild plants. The statistical result of distribution in mountain ranges and water systems shows that the species of national key protected wild plants distributed in Miaoling Mountains are the most (91 species) among four mountain ranges, and those distributed in Wujiang River system are the most (126 species) among eight water systems. According to the vertical distribution, the species of national key protected wild plants first increase and then decrease with the increase of altitude (Alt), and are the most (141 species) in the range of 800 m≤Alt＜1 000 m. Considering the composition characteristics and geographical distribution pattern of  national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province at present, it is suggested to strengthen the publicity of national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province, enhance the ecological awareness of the masses, strengthen the conservation of karst ecosystem, and timely carry out resource investigation of national key protected wild plants distributed in Guizhou Province.