2024年3月29日 星期五
苍耳等48种植物提取物的杀虫活性
Insecticidal activity of extracts from forty-eight plants including Xanthium sibiricum Patrin.
2008年 第17卷 第1期 页码[33-37]    下载全文[0.8MB]  
摘要

采用浸虫法测定了48种植物的丙酮提取物对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)的杀虫活性,并研究了苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Patrin.)不同溶剂提取物对小菜蛾和棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)的触杀作用以及苍耳丙酮提取物不同溶剂萃取物对小菜蛾的触杀作用。结果表明,在供试的48种植物中,500g·L-1黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)、泽漆(Euphorbia helioscopia L.)、夏至草〔Lagopsis supina(Steph.ex Willd.)Ik.-Gal.ex Knorr.〕、苍耳及葎草〔Humulus scandens(Lour.)Merr.〕的丙酮提取物对小菜蛾的杀虫活性较强。在苍耳的不同溶剂提取物中,苍耳丙酮提取物的杀虫活性最强,乙醇和乙酸乙酯提取物的杀虫活性次之。另外,50g·L-1苍耳丙酮提取物的氯仿萃取物对小菜蛾的杀虫活性最强,24h和48h的校正死亡率分别为88.33%和91.67%。 

Abstract

Insecticidal activity of extracts from forty-eight plants against to Plutellaxy lostella L. was studied by dipping method. Contact toxicity activities of different solvent extracts from Xanthium sibiricum Patrin. Against to P. xylostella and Aphis gossypii Glover and different partitioned extracts of acetone extract from X. sibiricum against to P. xylostella were also researched. The results show that 500g·L- 1 acetone extracts from Artemisia annua L., Euphorbia helioscopia L., Lagopsis supine (Steph. ex Willd.) Ik.-Gal. ex Knorr., X. sibiricum and Humulus scandens(Lour.) Merr. possess better to xicity activity to P. xylostella. In different solvent extracts from X. sibiricum, the toxicity of acetone extract is the highest, that of ethyl acetate and alcohol extracts are the second. Toxicity activity of 50g·L- 1 chloroform. partitioned extract of acetone extract from X. sibiricum against to P. xylostellais the highest, and the adjusted mortalities for 24h and 48h are 88.33% and 91.67% respectively.

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关键词提取物; 苍耳; 杀虫活性; 小菜蛾; 棉蚜;
Key wordsextract; Xanthium sibiricum Patrin.; insecticidal activity; Plutella xylostella L.; Aphis gossypii Glover
作者李 美1,高兴祥1,高宗军1,赵 维1,孙作文2
所在单位1.山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东济南250100;
2.山东省植物保护总站,山东济南250100
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基金项目山东省自然科学基金资助项目(Q2004D02); 山东省农业科学院青年科学基金资助项目(2005YQ025); 山东省农业科学院创新基金资助项目(2006YCX018);